Open Access Books

Neural signal processing is a specialized area of signal processing aimed at extracting information or decoding intent from neural signals recorded from the central or peripheral nervous system. This has significant applications in the areas of neuroscience and neural engineering. These applications are famously known in the area of brain–machine interfaces. This book presents recent advances in this flourishing field of neural signal processing with demonstrative applications.

What does gender studies in political science or feminist political science mean? The handbook offers a systematic overview of the dimensions that the consideration of the relationship between politics and gender entails for political science, integrating queer and postcolonial perspectives. What consequences does this perspectivisation raise with regard to methods and the history of ideas, what controversies and open questions arise from it? The individual contributions summarise the current state of research, offer a contextualisation in broader political science debates, and provide approaches for deeper engagement through recommended readings. The handbook is thus a perfect starting point for a first compact overview of the subject area of politics and gender.

Mit der Berufung Ludwig Prandtls als Professor für Angewandte Mechanik wurde die kleine Universitätsstadt Göttingen im Jahr 1904 zur Wiege der modernen Strömungsmechanik und Aerodynamik. Prandtl begründete hier nicht nur mit der Aerodynamischen Versuchsanstalt (AVA) und dem Kaiser- Wilhelm-Institut für Strömungsforschung zwei Forschungseinrichtungen von Weltrang, sondern auch mit der so genannten »Göttinger Schule« eine außergewöhnlich fruchtbare wissenschaftliche Denkweise, die sich durch eine eigentümliche Balance von physikalischer Intuition und mathematischer Exaktheit auszeichnet. Die wissenschaftliche Methode Prandtls und seiner Schüler hat ihren Niederschlag in zahlreichen Dissertationen, Monographien und Lehrbüchern gefunden, die mittlerweile als klassisch gelten und damit zum Grundbestand der Strömungslehre gehören. Doch viele dieser Publikationen sind seit langer Zeit nicht mehr verfügbar. Die Reihe »Göttinger Klassiker der Strömungsmechanik« stellt deshalb ausgewählte Publikationen, die der Göttinger Schule um Ludwig Prandtl zuzurechnen sind oder in einem gewissen historischen Bezug dazu stehen, wieder zur Verfügung. Die sehr persönliche Biografie Ludwig Prandtls, zusammengestellt von seiner jüngeren Tochter Johanna Vogel-Prandtl, wird durch zahlreiche Fotos aus Prandtls Arbeits- und Privatleben ergänzt. Sie rundet das Bild des Gründungsvaters der modernen Strömungsmechanik ab, dessen wissenschaftliche Bedeutung bis auf den heutigen Tag nachwirkt.

Border of Water and Ice explores the significance of the Yalu River as a strategic border between Korea and Manchuria (Northeast China) during a period of Japanese imperial expansion into the region. The Yalu's seasonal patterns of freezing, thawing, and flooding shaped colonial efforts to control who and what could cross the border. Joseph A. Seeley shows how the unpredictable movements of water, ice, timber-cutters, anti-Japanese guerrillas, smugglers, and other borderland actors also spilled outside the bounds set by Japanese colonizers, even as imperial border-making reinforced Japan's wider political and economic power. Drawing on archival sources in Japanese, Korean, Chinese, and English, Seeley tells the story of the river and the imperial border haphazardly imposed on its surface from 1905 to 1945 to show how rivers and other nonhuman actors play an active role in border creation and maintenance. Emphasizing the tenuous, environmentally contingent nature of imperial border governance, Border of Water and Ice argues for the importance of understanding history across the different seasons.

Das Weismann'sche "Teutsch-Lateinisch-Rußische Lexicon, Samt Denen Anfangs-Gründen der Rußischen Sprache" ist für die Lexikographie der ersten Hälfte des 18. Jh. nach Polikarpovs "Leksikon trejazičnyj, SPb. 1704" eine der wichtigsten Quellen überhaupt. Besonders reich ist das Wörterbuch an phraseologischen und sprichwortartigen Ausdrücken. Von gleicher Bedeutung ist das Werk aufgrund seines Anhangs. Das dortige, anonym verfaßte grammatische Traktat " Anfangs-Gründe der Rußischen Sprache" (48 S.) hat für die Grammatikentwicklung im 18. Jh. vor Lomonosov eine wichtige Bedeutung erlangt. Schriftart: Ant. u. russ., Nebent.: Německo-latinskij i russkij lexikon. Durchsuchbare elektronische Faksimileausgabe als PDF. Digitalisiert im Rahmen des DFG-Projektes Digi20 in Kooperation mit der BSB München. OCR-Bearbeitung durch den Verlag Otto Sagner.

Nowadays, the information transfer speed (on the web, but not only) requires the predisposition of ever more adequate analysis tools for working with data and increasingly faster algorithms, in order to allow the so-called decision maker to make decision based on information which can become obsolete very quickly with time. In the current situation, analysing this information in order to simulate complex decision-making scenarios could prove fundamental to secure an advantage over competitors. This text introduces the true art of Statistical Computing. In other words, it illustrates how computer programming skills in the development of algorithms can be used within Statistics for the virtual simulation and replication of realities and experiments of varying complexity. In order to do so, it uses the excellent development environment “R”.

The study investigates adverbial structures in spoken French that combine three or more discursive elements in a complex way. These structures are modeled in accordance with the terms of construction grammar as “macro constructions.” Drawing upon an extensive corpus, this study analyzes them with regard to their local emergence in interaction and their sedimentation.

Building on previous work in rural criminology, this book casts a global and comparative look across 19 countries, drawing on themes of crime and victimisation, safety and fear, practices of policing and police trust, and crime prevention practices. Combining reports on survey findings, country case studies, and crosscutting analyses, "Crime, Peoples and Places" offers empirical, theoretical, and policy-oriented contributions to the field of rural criminology, adopting the notion of a rural-urban continuum that captures the nuances of places of varied nature, spanning from remote and desolate spaces to accessible and connected environments of the urban fringe. The book examines the challenges of areas on the rural-urban continuum that are in constant transformation, given local and global influences, including the most recent developments in countries of the Global South. It identifies commonalities and disparities between different country cases, draws conclusions over global evidence, and highlights how partnerships, collaboration, and unity in crime prevention action can yield dividends for all people, regardless of age, gender, or whether they live in urban or rural areas.

The letters and journals of Ernst Moritz and Vera Hirsch Felsenstein, two German Jewish refugees caught in the tumultuous years leading to the Second World War, form the core of this book. Abridged in English from the original German, the correspondence and diaries have been expertly compiled and annotated by their only son who preserves his parents’ love story in their own words. Their letters, written from Germany, England, Russia, and Palestine capture their desperate efforts to save themselves and their family, friends and businesses from the fascist tyranny. The book begins by contextualizing the early lives of Moritz and Vera. Because the letters are written to each other almost daily, they are incredibly immediate. Most centrally, the letters recount an astonishing love story, sensual in its intimate detail, and full of dramatic pathos in revealing the anxieties of being apart as the Nazi threat unfolds and broadens. It is told through the voices of two exceptionally articulate letter writers. This volume offers insights into the moral and psychological dilemmas faced by German Jews as a targeted community. It affords a unique appreciation of the impact of historical and socio-political upheavals on the lives of a persecuted minority. A scholarly introduction by Rachel Pistol draws out the main themes raised by this correspondence, observing its relevance to contemporary debates about migration and political authority.

The paper is devoted to the problem of imitation of maps in the late Renaissance Polish poetry (between 1580 and 1630). The author first discusses the special interest in cartography that existed among the Polish elite and poets of the period. The main thesis of the paper is that poets widely used map-based techniques in constructing their poems. Imitation (imitatio) played a crucial role in this process. To illustrate this concept, the author analyses the work of five poets: S.F. Klonowic, K. Miaskowski, S. Petrycy, M.K. Sarbiewski and Sz. Szymonowic. Looking at the shared topoi used in poems and maps and investigating how the late Renaissance poets described the territory of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, allows the author to draw a similarity between controlling space in poetry and maps. This suggests the idea of ruling over space might be related to the 16th-century idea of a God-like poet.

Beyond the Movie Theater excavates the history of non-theatrical cinema before 1920, exploring how moving pictures were used in ways distinct from theatrical cinema. Looking away from the glimmer of the theater screen and stepping outside the light of the marquee, Beyond the Movie Theater reveals that sponsored moving pictures were put to a variety of uses and screened at a host of sites, targeting a surprisingly wide range of audiences. Relying on contemporary print sources and ephemera, Gregory A. Waller charts a heterogeneous, fragmentary, and rich field that cannot be explained in terms of a master narrative concerning origin or institutionalization, progress or decline. Uncovering how and where films were put to use beyond the movie theater, this book complicates and expands our understanding of the history of American cinema, underscoring the myriad roles and everyday presence of moving pictures during the early twentieth century. “A monumental triumph. Gregory A. Waller mines untapped historical evidence, revealing a vast and previously obscured area of early twentieth- century cultural activity. This is a fresh, surprising, and highly original contribution to American film history.” — HAIDEE WASSON, author of Everyday Movies: Portable Film Projectors and the Transformation of American Culture “Outstanding. Waller brings a mastery of archival source work and careful methodological consideration to myriad contemporary periodicals and newspapers—many of which have been overlooked by previous historians of American cinema, until now.” — PATRICK VONDERAU, University of Halle

Wo Menschen eng zusammenleben, gibt es Konkurrenz und Verdrängung. Beinahe selbstverständlich nehmen wir hin, dass viele öffentliche Räume nicht mehr von allen Bevölkerungsgruppen gleichermaßen genutzt werden. Dies geschieht ganz unbemerkt und widerspricht dem Ideal einer demokratischen, offenen Gesellschaft mit gleichberechtigten Mitgliedern. Wie erleben Menschen, die am Rande der Gesellschaft stehen (oder sich dort sehen) öffentliche Stadträume? Wo fühlen sie sich willkommen, wo nicht? Wo, wie und warum entstehen Nutzungskonflikte? Diesen Fragen geht das Projekt Die fragmentierte Stadt nach. Über drei Jahre hinweg stattfindende Beobachtungen, Spaziergänge und Begegnungen in Berlin, Graz und Zürich bilden die Grundlage von vier künstlerisch-ethnografischen Zugängen zu Exklusionserfahrungen und Aneignungsstrategien. In fotografischen, audiovisuellen, performativen und sprachlichen Untersuchungen entstanden Gedanken, Einsichten und Produkte, welche in diesem Band in Texten, Bildern und Videos vorgestellt werden.

Die »neue Unterschicht« ist disziplinlos, arbeitsscheu, dumm, fettleibig, fernsehsüchtig - kurz: »Unterschichtler« sind asozial. Solche Zuschreibungen beherrschen die aktuelle Debatte über die »Unterschicht« und das »Prekariat« in seiner »abgehängten« Form. Doch wer wird hier eigentlich beschrieben und was für ein Bild von Gesellschaft wird dabei produziert? Neben der kritischen Auseinandersetzung mit Mainstream-Diskursen über »die da unten« wird Prekarisierung in diesem Band auch als gesamtgesellschaftliches Phänomen in den Blick genommen. »Unterschicht« und Prekarität werden dabei aus sozialwissenschaftlichen, künstlerischen und lebensweltlichen Perspektiven thematisiert.

Teaching Difficult Topics provides a series of on-the-ground reflections from college music instructors working in a wide variety of institutional settings about their approaches to inclusive, supportive pedagogy in the music classroom. Although some imagine the music classroom to be an apolitical space, instructors find themselves increasingly in need of resources for incorporating issues of race and ethnicity, gender and sexuality, and historical trauma into their classrooms in ways that support student learning and safeguard their classroom communities. The teaching reflections in Teaching Difficult Topics examine difficult themes that fall into three primary categories: subjects that instructors sense to be controversial or emotionally challenging to discuss, those that derive from or intersect with real-world events that are difficult to process, and bigger-picture discussions of how music studies often focuses on dominant narratives while overlooking other perspectives. Some chapters offer practical guidance, lesson plans, and teaching materials to enable instructors to build discussions of race, gender, sexuality, and traumatic histories into their own classrooms; others take a more global view, reflecting on the importance and relevance of teaching these difficult topics and on how to respond in the music classroom when external events disrupt daily life.