Open Access Books

The works of Serbian theologians of the second half of the 18th century are characterized by a confessional-polemic style, as their goal was to set the sacred doctrine and the organization of liturgical life. This polemic approach was also due to the unfortunate position of the Orthodox minorities within the Austrian Monarchy, exposed as they were to the pressure of the Catholic Church. Analysing the works of the leading Serbian theologians of the time (D. Novaković, J. Rajić, Z. Orfelin), the author explains how Serbian polemical theology was created and eventually found its own formal style.

Plants are continuously exposed to different environmental stress conditions that have a huge impact on agriculture worldwide, consequently leading to massive economic losses. These adverse conditions alter the metabolism of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS). High concentrations of these reactive species—that exceed the capacity of antioxidant defense enzymes—disturb redox homeostasis, which can trigger damage to such macromolecules as membrane lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, ultimately resulting in nitro-oxidative stress and plant cell death. Significant progress has been made to understand how plants persist in these stressful environments which could be vital to improving plant crop yield. This Special Issue “Oxidative Stress in Plants” includes both original research articles and detailed reviews that aim to better understand the nitro-oxidative stress networks in higher plants, and the addressed topics provide updated and new knowledge about ROS and RNS metabolism in plant responses to abiotic stress as well as the modulation of antioxidant systems in the control of ROS production and accumulation.

Die vorliegende Studie beschäftigt sich mit dem Phänomen aufeinander aufbauenden Werkschaffens und den Herausforderungen, die sich daraus für das Urheberrecht stellen. Die untersuchten Lösungsansätze zeigen auf, wie das Urheberrecht diesen Herausforderungen künftig begegnen und damit insbesondere seiner wirtschaftlichen Funktion gerecht werden sollte. Als möglicher Lösungsansatz wird einerseits die extensive Auslegung vorhandener gesetzlicher Regelungen des schweizerischen Urheberrechts wie die Parodieschranke und die Zitatschranke untersucht. Andererseits werden mögliche Lösungen de lege ferenda skizziert und beurteilt. Dabei steht eine Schranke für kreative Bearbeitungen im Vordergrund; davon abgesehen wird die Einführung einer Schrankengeneralklausel und einer Schranke für nichtkommerzielle Verwendung in das schweizerische Urheberrecht untersucht. This study deals with the phenomenon of derivative works and the challenges it poses to copyright law. The author shows how the law should meet these challenges in the future; in doing so, she takes a close look at the economic function of copyright law. As a first approach, the author examines whether extensive interpretation of existing Swiss copyright limitations, such as the parody exception or the right to cite, leads to feasible solutions. As a second approach, she outlines and assesses possible solutions de lege ferenda. Her focus here lies on a new exception for creative derivatives, a fair use exception and an exception for non-commercial use for Swiss copyright law.

How does a field of knowledge achieve legitimacy as science? The focus of this historical analysis is on the ever-controversial “fringe discipline” of parapsychology and its most important advocate Hans Bender. It analyzes the history of this contingent discipline, examining the interaction between science, society, and the public media in manufacturing scientific legitimacy.

The objective of this book is to outline how a radically democratic politics can be reinvigorated in theory and practice through the use of the internet. The author argues that politics in its proper sense can be distinguished from anti-politics by analyzing the configuration of public space, subjectivity, participation, and conflict. Each of these terrains can be configured in a more or less political manner, though the contemporary status quo heavily skews them towards anti-political configuration. Using this understanding of what exactly politics entails, this book considers how the internet can both help and hinder efforts to move each area in a more political direction. By explicitly interpreting contemporary theories of the political in terms of the internet, this analysis avoids the twin traps of both technological determinism and technological cynicism. Raising awareness of what the word ‘politics’ means, the author develops theoretical work by Arendt, Rancière, Žižek and Mouffe to present a clear and coherent view of how in theory, politics can be digitized and alternatively how the internet can be deployed in the service of trulydemocratic politics.

This republished Special Issue highlights recent and emergent concepts and approaches to water governance that re-centers the political in relation to water-related decision making, use, and management. To do so at once is to focus on diverse ontologies, meanings and values of water, and related contestations regarding its use, or its importance for livelihoods, identity, or place-making. Building on insights from science and technology studies, feminist, and postcolonial approaches, we engage broadly with the ways that water-related decision making is often depoliticized and evacuated of political content or meaning—and to what effect. Key themes that emerged from the contributions include the politics of water infrastructure and insecurity; participatory politics and multi-scalar governance dynamics; politics related to emergent technologies of water (bottled or packaged water, and water desalination); and Indigenous water governance.

The teaching of science subjects in Italian universities has undergone profound changes with the introduction of the 1999 reform of the autonomy of universities and the consequent introduction of course credits, which has forced degree programs to significantly reduce the number of lecture hours that can be delivered. This has induced if not forced many professors to simplify content, heavily reducing the exemplifications that can be offered and also, often, foregoing the deductive rigor that many disciplines might require. This text is the result of an attempt to present the fundamentals of statistical mechanics to Italian master's degree students by employing an axiomatic approach. The reader is guided through a theory-building process that helps him or her understand its main conceptual junctures, stimulating interest and critical thinking. Shying away from formalism, the volume is intended as a compromise between the need to keep the teaching load proportionate to the hours of classes given and the mathematical skills of the students, while at the same time ensuring sufficient examples of applications of the theory to appreciate its relevance and predictive potential.

"Siting Futurity: The "Feel Good" Tactical Radicalism of Contemporary Culture in and around Vienna shows how cultural practitioners in and around Vienna draw on their historical knowledge of locality to create rousing productions designed to get audiences to inform themselves about useful aspects of history, to get them to engage their presents, and to help make possible more socially equitable futures. Analyses of politically engaged works of contemporary theatre, film, and photography set in and around Vienna help to identify a historically oriented mechanism that enables artists to tap into Vienna’s extraordinary, and extraordinarily under-appreciated, tradition of protest culture that dates back to the action that brought about the Wiener Neustadt “Blood Court” in the 16th century, but really came into its own with the city’s most influential occupation of an abandoned slaughterhouse for 100 days in the late summer of 1976. It also shows how work with a connection to Vienna by international stars like David Bowie, Wes Anderson, and Christoph Schlingensief has absorbed the same principles. While the overwhelming scale of technological development and the ensuing problems and crises may not have been deliberately designed to induce resignation, passivity, and despair, those who benefit from the related hyperobjects of financialization and climate change must find it convenient that they do, as demoralization reduces resistance to their profit-making machinations. It is in this context that Red Vienna’s proud tradition of social engagement and long tradition of resistance and radicality deserves to be better known.

This volume provides a new critical edition of Galen’s On Avoiding Distress and On My Own Opinions, which represents an improvement on earlier editions by offering more accurate readings of the main witness Vlatadon 14, supplementation of previously unrestored lacunae, and many sound emendations to thorny passages. The authoritative critical texts are accompanied by English translations, making the works accessible for further consultation.

Creativity and play erupt in the most solemn of everyday worlds as individuals reshape traditional forms in the light of changing historical circumstances. In this lively volume, fourteen distinguished anthropologists explore the life of creativity in social life across the globe and within the study of ethnography itself. Contributors include Barbara A. Babcock, Edward M. Bruner, James W. Fernandez, Don Handelman, Smadar Lavie, José E. Limon, Barbara Myerhoff, Kirin Narayan, Renato Rosaldo, Richard Schechner, Edward L. Schieffelin, Marjorie Shostak, Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing, and Edith Turner.

Taxes are a constant part of life for every company and a constant element of economics, finance, and financial law. Any changes observed in the science and theory also apply to the importance and position of taxes in the practice of corporate finance, public finance, and economic growth. Beside this, a new meaning of taxes in the economies of countries in the world and the European Union is introduced. Taxes will always introduce risks and uncertainties in business, due to the high volatility and uncertainty of tax law. Moreover, being a category that affects the economic growth, they cause disturbances in stability and welfare of the state. Therefore, while considering the essence of taxes in a country, one should not consider this category in isolation from corporate finance and social welfare. Two things are certain in the world: death and taxes.

On peut rapporter les nombreuses définitions du style à deux orientations majeures : l’une considère qu’il y a style dès qu’il y a caractéristique, l’autre identifie le style au produit d’un certain artisanat qui cherche à perfectionner le langage et à le manier avec distinction. Dans la première perspective, chacun aurait, à son insu même, « naturellement », un style ; dans la seconde, il n’y aurait de style que cultivé et voulu. Le présent ouvrage ne cherche pas à départager ces deux conceptions extrêmes, mais plutôt à remettre sur le métier la célèbre maxime de Buffon autour de laquelle toutes les pensées du style n’ont cessé de rôder, depuis qu’elle a été prononcée : « Le style est l’homme même. » Il le fait en choisissant de privilégier notamment une vieille notion rhétorique, l’ethos, cadre conceptuel à l’intérieur duquel il faut tenter de comprendre l’état de fait suivant : les textes sont écrits par des individus qui cherchent à convaincre, influencer, séduire, impressionner, etc. d’autres individus. Néanmoins, contrairement à la situation d’interlocution, ce ne sont pas des individus auxquels nous avons affaire dans la lecture, mais à des sortes d’êtres intermédiaires, entre personne et papier. L’ethos fait son œuvre dans cette épaisseur.

Diseases & disorders

This research guide was first conceived to fulfill multiple needs of the research team of the Documentary Relations of the Southwest (DRSW) project at the Arizona State Museum. In performing research tasks, it became evident that reference material was scattered throughout scores of books and monographs. A single complete source book was simply not available. Hence, the editors of the DRSW project compiled this guide. The territory under study comprises all of northern Mexico in colonial times.