Open Access Books

Questo volume nasce con l’intento di analizzare, in una prospettiva critica, il Regolamento Generale sulla Protezione dei Dati (RGPD o GDPR nel suo acronimo inglese) che ha novellato l’intera disciplina in Europa sul trattamento dei dati personali. Un regolamento che, secondo alcuni, è già vecchio o che, nella migliore delle ipotesi, pone ulteriori problematiche connesse alle fasi della crescente innovazione tecnologica. Travolti da uno tsunami inarrestabile dei Big Data, il regolamento risponde fissando principi di minimizzazione del trattamento. Ma sarà la scelta giusta? Ed è giusto adottare un regolamento sul trattamento dei dati che non si compenetra perfettamente con altre normative relative alle comunicazioni digitali e al commercio elettronico? Il volume analizza questi aspetti, considerando il panorama tecnologico attuale e ponendo interrogativi in relazione alla difficile applicazione delle norme volte alla tutela dei dati personali.

Deep subsurface microbiology is a highly active and rapidly advancing research field at the interface of microbiology and the geosciences; it focuses on the detection, identification, quantification, cultivation and activity measurements of bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes that permeate the subsurface biosphere of deep marine sediments and the basaltic ocean and continental crust. The deep subsurface biosphere abounds with uncultured, only recently discovered and – at best - incompletely understood microbial populations. In spatial extent and volume, Earth’s subsurface biosphere is only rivaled by the deep sea water column. So far, no deep subsurface sediment has been found that is entirely devoid of microbial life; microbial cells and DNA remain detectable at sediment depths of more than 1 km; microbial life permeates deeply buried hydrocarbon reservoirs, and is also found several kilometers down in continental crust aquifers. Severe energy limitation, either as electron acceptor or donor shortage, and scarcity of microbially degradable organic carbon sources are among the evolutionary pressures that have shaped the genomic and physiological repertoire of the deep subsurface biosphere. Its biogeochemical role as long-term organic carbon repository, inorganic electron and energy source, and subduction recycling engine continues to be explored by current research at the interface of microbiology, geochemistry and biosphere/geosphere evolution. This Research Topic addresses some of the central research questions about deep subsurface microbiology and biogeochemistry: phylogenetic and physiological microbial diversity in the deep subsurface; microbial activity and survival strategies in severely energy-limited subsurface habitats; microbial activity as reflected in process rates and gene expression patterns; biogeographic isolation and connectivity in deep subsurface microbial communities; the ecological standing of subsurface biospheres in comparison to the surface biosphere – an independently flourishing biosphere, or mere survivors that tolerate burial (along with organic carbon compounds), or a combination of both? Advancing these questions on Earth’s deep subsurface biosphere redefines the habitat range, environmental tolerance, activity and diversity of microbial life.

In the last 25 years we have witnessed a change in the approach to rheumatoid arthritis. These changes have made it possible to modify the clinical course and prognosis of the disease, with the subsequent improvement in the quality of life of our patients. This Special Issue explores the most important changes that have occurred in recent years. It starts with an excellent point of view on preclinical arthritis and how we must treat it, considering the window of therapeutic opportunity. Next, because the RA is a condition that predominantly affects women, we discuss the disease through the lens of gender, empathizing the need for this perspective to achieve better research results and personalized medicine. Regarding treatment, the issue takes a journey that begins with the necessity of changing the old paradigm of treatment and the necessity of advancing DMARD lines. We then continue with the anchor drug, methotrexate, and its toxicity then advancing with the real-world persistence of Janus kinase inhibitors, sex differences in response to JAKi and infections related to these drugs. Finally, we examine comorbidities, starting with the Interstitial lung disease, Neutropenia and Felty syndrome and the relevance of radiographic progression. I hope that the issue can be useful for clinicians, rheumatologists, internal medicine specialists, primary care physicians, hematologists, pneumologists, etc. involved in the care of rheumatoid arthritis patients.

This open access book shows how the politics of migration affect community building in the 21st century, drawing on both retrogressive and progressive forms of mobilization. It elaborates theoretically and shows empirically how the two master frames of nostalgia and hope are used in local, national and transnational settings, in and outside conventional forms of doing politics. It expands on polarized societal processes and external events relevant for the transformation of European welfare systems and the reproduction of national identities today. It evidences the importance of gender in the narrative use of the master frames of nostalgia and hope, either as an ideological tool for right-wing populist and extreme right retrogressive mobilization or as an essential element of progressive intersectional politics of hope. It uses both comparative and single case studies to address different perspectives, and by means of various methodological approaches, the manner in which the master frames of nostalgia and hope are articulated in the politics of culture, welfare, and migration. The book is organized around three thematic sections whereby the first section deals with right-wing populist party politics across Europe, the second section deals with an articulation of politics beyond party politics by means of retrogressive mobilization, and the third and last section deals with emancipatory initiatives beyond party politics as well.

Innovation has long been associated with technology alone. This edited volume describes the development of social innovation in the social and health sectors, mainly in French-speaking Switzerland, and discusses the different ways in which it is conceptualised and understood. The aim of the book is to give visibility to initiatives implemented in contexts as diverse as socio-professional integration, homelessness, palliative care, psychiatry and child protection. It is aimed at anyone who wants to understand what social innovation is, some of its methods and tools, as well as the obstacles it can face and some of its positive effects, such as social cohesion in an urban environment, support for elderly people suffering from dementia or parenting support in the context of addiction.

Before the advent of television, cinema offered serialised films as a source of weekly entertainment. This book traces the history from the days of silent screen heroines to the sound era's daring adventure serials, unearthing a thriving film culture beyond the self-contained feature. Through extensive archival research, Ilka Brasch details the aesthetic appeals of film serials within their context of marketing and exhibition and that they adapt the pleasures of a flourishing crime fiction culture to both serialised visual culture and the affordances of the media-modernity of the early 20th century. The study furthermore traces how film serials brought the broadcast model of radio and television to the big screen and thereby introduced models of serial storytelling that informed popular culture even beyond the serial's demise.

L’essor de l’économie numérique bouleverse les paradigmes traditionnels du développement économique et social. Haïti, la Guadeloupe et la Martinique, bien que partageant une proximité géographique et culturelle, suivent des trajectoires numériques contrastées, influencées par des différences en matière d’infrastructures, de cadre réglementaire et de dynamique entrepreneuriale.Cet ouvrage propose une analyse comparative et approfondie de l’impact du numérique sur ces trois territoires, en s’appuyant sur la théorie de l’imbrication territoriale de Christophe Providence. À travers des études de cas, une analyse des infrastructures et des recommandations stratégiques, ce livre s’adresse aux chercheurs, décideurs politiques, entrepreneurs et acteurs du développement soucieux de comprendre comment le numérique peut devenir un levier structurant pour l’inclusion et la compétitivité des territoires insulaires.En identifiant les leviers d’action et les synergies possibles entre les trois territoires, l’ouvrage invite à une réflexion sur la nécessité de bâtir un écosystème numérique intégré, résilient et innovant pour l’avenir de la Caraïbe francophone.

Estas dos conferencias fueron dadas en la ciudad de Caracas y el propósito de estas fue exponer la situación que guardan las teorías del comercio internacional, de las uniones aduaneras y de la integración en relación con las condiciones en que se podría realizar uan verdadera integración latinoamericana.

A numerous internationally renowned authors in the pages of this book present the views of the fields of cell biology and their own research results or review of current knowledge. Chapters are divided into five sections that are dedicated to cell structures and functions, genetic material, regulatory mechanisms, cellular biomedicine and new methods in cell biology. Multidisciplinary and often quite versatile approach by many authors have imposed restrictions of this classification, so it is certain that many chapters could belong to the other sections of this book. The current frontiers, on the manner in which they described in the book, can be a good inspiration to many readers for further improving, and perspectives which are highlighted can be seen in many areas of fundamental biology, biomedicine, biotechnology and other applications of knowledge of cell biology. The book will be very useful for beginners to gain insight into new area, as well as experts to find new facts and expanding horizons.

Title in English: Russian Philosophy of the 19th and Early 20th Century: A reader of anthropologically oriented texts by Russian philosophers of idealist orientation The textbook contains medallions of nine selected Russian philosophers of the 19th and early 20th century – P. Ya. Chaadaev, N. A. Berdyaev, S. N. Bulgakov, N. F. Fyodorov, P. A. Florensky, S. L. Fank, K. N. Leontyev, V. S. Solovyov and L. N. Tolstoy. In the next section, the texts of these philosophers are presented in the original Russian so that readers can become familiar with the basic underpinnings of their philosophical concepts. The textbook is intended for students of Russian studies, philosophy and humanities in general at the faculties of philosophy and education in the Czech and Slovak Republics, as well as for a wider circle of those interested in Russian idealist philosophy.

The book examines diaspora policy in Central European countries in the context of changes following their accession to the EU, utilizing the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, and Hungary as case studies. With a focus on the previously underexplored new Czech diaspora (i.e., the emigration of Czechs/Czechoslovaks after 1990), individual case studies provide a comprehensive description of the contemporary Czech diaspora while also elucidating key inquiries directed towards its current character and specific needs.

More and more women are pursuing a career, and the vast majority of women with a career (inside and outside academia) have a partner who is also pursuing a career. This poses many questions: What does it mean that the careers and lives of highly qualified women and men are intertwined in couples' lives? What new challenges does this pose for women's careers on the one hand and for coordination arrangements in partnerships on the other? Do different ways of interweaving exist in different stages of life or occupational phases?

Drones and Support for the Use of Force utilizes experimental research to analyze the effects of combat drones on Americans' support for the use of force. The authors develop expectations drawn from social science theory and then assess these conjectures using a series of survey experiments. Their findings—that drones have had important but nuanced effects on support for the use of force—have implications for democratic control of military action and civil-military relations, and provide insight into how the development and proliferation of current and future military technologies influence the domestic politics of foreign policy.

This book investigates for the first time the role of the Bible in the Christian-Iberian chronicles from 8th to 12th centuries against the background of of the Arab/Berber foreign rule over major parts of the medieval Iberian Pensinula. The depiction of the Christian chronicler’s own history in the period investigated offers an immense amount of biblical motifs. Historical protagonists, peoples and specific groups among these peoples, the contemporary common model of history as well as the idea of salvation are depicted as fulfilment of biblical pre-announcements, resulting in the role allocation of the ‘Self’ and the ‘Other’ in salvific history.

Dieser Band präsentiert weitere zehn Beiträge aus der Arbeit des Evolutorischen Ausschusses, die den Untersuchungsgegenstand der Evolutorischen Ökonomik, den wirtschaftlichen Wandel, aus verschiedenen Perspektiven analysieren. Jeder Beitrag wird von einem Korreferat begleitet, das die Fragestellung, die methodische Herangehensweise und die Ergebnisse kritisch beleuchtet und damit dem Leser eine erste Einschätzung sowie eine Orientierungshilfe bietet. Der erste Teil des Bandes behandelt die Modellierung evolutorischer Systeme in vier Beiträgen von Frank Beckenbach (Korreferat Bernd Meyer), Wilhelm Brandes (Korreferat Günter Haag), Günter Haag und Kathrin Grützmann (Korreferat Ulrich Schwalbe) und Claudia Werker (Korreferat Hariolf Grupp). Evolutorische Prozesse auf Unternehmensebene untersuchen Reinhard Pfriem (Korreferat Sybille Sachs) und Sybille Sachs (Korreferat Alexander Gerybadze) im zweiten Teil, und mit erkenntnistheoretischen und wissenschaftshistorischen Aspekten zum evolutorischen Ansatz beschäftigen sich im dritten Teil des Bandes Dieter Schneider (Korreferat Dieter Schmidtchen), Marco Lehmann-Waffenschmidt (Korreferat Tilman Slembeck), Helge Peukert (Korreferat Ulrich Fehl) und Walter Ötsch (Korreferat Hermann Schnabl).