Open Access Books

This Special Issue presents a range of recent technologies and innovations to help the agricultural and food industry to manage and minimize postharvest losses, enhance reliability and sustainability, and generate high-quality products that are both healthy and appealing to consumers. It focuses on three main topics of food storage and preservation technologies, food processing technologies, and the applications of advanced mathematical modelling and computer simulations. This presentation of the latest research and information is particularly useful for people who are working in or associated with the fields of agriculture, the agri-food chain and technology development and promotion.

La Real Biblioteca del Monasterio de El Escorial guarda miles de manuscritos sobre diversas materias. Este trabajo aborda el estudio de una decena aproximada de manuscritos castellanos medievales y modernos de contenido jurídico que, presuntamente, encierran unos proyectos recopiladores del siglo XVI impulsados por la corona. Muchas fueron las voces que durante el citado siglo reclamaron a los reyes la elaboración de una compilación jurídica que enmendase los errores que Alonso Díaz de Montalvo, consejero de los Reyes Católicos, había cometido en su recopilación. Y muchos son los testimonios que indican que esa labor reparadora se comenzó, se aplazó y se retomó durante los primeros años de la edad moderna. Es en esos manuscritos escurialenses en donde la autora ha buscado esos proyectos de compilación mencionados, en ellos se vislumbra la intervención de juristas muy importantes de la época como Lorenzo Gálindez de Carvajal, Ponce de León o Francisco de Espinosa.

Sepsis is a very complex clinical condition that can be considered the central point of the infectious process: the arrival point in the evolution of a localized septic outbreak that has caused a systemic inflammatory reaction. In the clinical setting two important questions regarding the transition from local inflammation, with beneficial effect, to systemic inflammatory disease, with deleterious results, remain unanswered. First, why does the transition from local to systemic disease only occur in some subjects? Second, how long does this transition take? This book attempts to answer these questions. Chapters cover such topics as surgical infections, microbiota therapy in sepsis, cytokines for host immune response, and the role of serum amyloid A in the acute phase of sepsis.

Published

This study centers on the Dutch Republic, where Roman law—applied alongside contemporary legislation—was used to regulate the lives of enslaved individuals across its territories, albeit in a highly selective manner. Which provisions of Roman law were implemented, and what led to the exclusion of others? This book investigates these questions through a historical analysis of the legal transfer of Roman law within both the metropole and the colonies. Special attention is given to the private law governing enslaved persons in the Dutch Republic and its overseas territories, including the WIC‑administered islands of Curaçao, Aruba, and Bonaire, the Sociëteit van Suriname, and the VOC‑controlled Cape Colony. The 2012 Bellagio‑Harvard Guidelines on the Legal Parameters of Slavery identify legal institutions grounded in the notion of ownership, providing a valuable framework for legal‑historical research on slavery.

É inegável que a prostituição sempre existiu, mas nunca como no século XIX chegou a agitar tanto a paciência das correntes mais austeramente moralistas que sempre julgaram primar pelo «bom senso». Quase todos os grandes escritores naturalistas do século XIX se ocuparam da figura humana da prostituta: recordem-se Zola, Tolstoi ou Dostoyewsky. Todos eles matizaram com traços dramáticos a personagem frequentemente arrojada dos meios camponeses à vida urbana e empurrada pela miséria para a prostituição. Também a nossa literatura não deixa de evocar essa imortal personagem do quotidiano que é a prostituta. Abel Botelho consagrou-lhe o seu Livro d’Alda; Alfredo Gallis escreveu As Mulheres Perdidas; a Princesa de Boivão, de Alberto Pimentel, conta a história de uma pobre desventurada a quem o amante vingativo abre no corpo as « quatro letras ferreteantes » ; A Bandeira, de Lino Macedo, é mais uma historieta de uma pobre e desamparada cortesã; Rocha Martins dedica dois livros a cortesãs régias: A Madre Paula e a Flor da Murta, como Andrade Corvo já havia dedicado um à célebre Calcanhares : Um Ano na Corte. No teatro surgem, com o virar do último século, A Pérola, de Marcelino de Mesquita (à época proibida por «imoral») ; A Severa, de Júlio Dantas ; a Rosa Enjeitada, de D. João da Câmara, e o Fado, de Bento Mantua. Contudo, o primeiro estudo sério sobre a prostituição em Portugal apareceu em 1841, com o livro de Santos Cruz, Da Prostituição na Cidade de Lisboa, que temos o gosto de apresentar e que com tanta oportunidade surge agora a público.

This book addresses contemporary issues in the assessment of plurilingual competence and plurilingual learners. Offering theoretical and practical lenses, it contributes towards an integrated and holistic assessment of plurilingual competence and plurilingual learners. The book provides both theoretical considerations and empirical approaches around how the specificities of plurilingual learners can be considered when assessing their various competences. It covers topics relating to learners in a variety of plurilingual settings: from the education of adult immigrants, assessment of young refugees and assessment of students in school and university, to the assessment of plurilingual competence in foreign language education. Showcasing a wide range of international authors, the book provides cutting-edge research in the domain of multilingual foreign, second and heritage language assessment, and assessment of content knowledge of plurilingual students. It bridges the gap between the fields of language policies and practices, research on plurilingual competence, and assessment in language education. Providing new insights into a crucial and contentious issue, this volume will be an essential reading for researchers and postgraduate students in the fields of educational language policies, applied linguistics and multilingualism, in particular those involved in the assessment of plurilingual competence.

La « résonance lectorale », thème de la précédente session, nous a amenés à formuler la question d'un partage de la langue, entre auteur et lecteur. La « langue du lecteur » est un des points aveugles de la théorie de la lecture. Selon le sens commun, il est entendu que « l’auteur écrit » et que « le lecteur lit ». Mais dans quelle langue le lecteur pense-t-il ce qu’il est en train de lire ? La question ne s’applique pas qu’à la lecture dans une langue dite étrangère: elle vaut aussi pour tous les cas où l’écrivain et son lecteur sont supposés partager la même langue naturelle. Les théories du langage ont nommé idiolecte l’inflexion apportée par un écrivain doté de quelque originalité à la langue commune conçue comme simple outil de communication. Les grandes écritures modifient sans doute la langue du lecteur, le transformant en quelqu’un « qui a lu Céline, Proust ou Joyce ». Mais la lecture active et vraiment littéraire reconfigure le sens en produisant son propre texte, qu’on l’appelle « contre-texte » ou « texte de lecture ». Dans quelle mesure la langue du lecteur critique mime-t-elle celle de l’écrivain ? N’y a-t-il, de l’écrivain au lecteur, qu’une seule et même langue à l’œuvre dans la relation littéraire ou convient-il d’envisager des seuils séparant deux modalités de la même langue, voire trois, si l’on distingue la langue du critique, à son tour inventive, de la langue de communication courante ?

This Open Access proceedings presents new approaches to Machine Learning for Cyber Physical Systems, experiences and visions. It contains some selected papers from the international Conference ML4CPS – Machine Learning for Cyber Physical Systems, which was held in Karlsruhe, October 23-24, 2018. Cyber Physical Systems are characterized by their ability to adapt and to learn: They analyze their environment and, based on observations, they learn patterns, correlations and predictive models. Typical applications are condition monitoring, predictive maintenance, image processing and diagnosis. Machine Learning is the key technology for these developments.

This reprint includes impactful chapters related to document-image related visual sensing, which do present and comprehensively discuss selected scientific concepts, frameworks, architectures and ideas on sensing technologies and machine-learning techniques. Indeed, document imaging/scanning approaches are essential techniques for digitalizing documents in various real-world contexts. This reprint emerging from the Special Issue "Document-Image Related Visual Sensors and Machine Learning Techniques” can be viewed as a result of the crucial need for document management systems. Such technologies are being applied in various fields or different domains and parts of the world to address relevant challenges that could not be addressed without the advances made in these technologies. The reprint includes impactful chapters that present scientific concepts, frameworks, architectures and innovative ideas on sensing technologies and machine-learning techniques to overcome a series of key challenges related to document imaging/scanning, text detection, text recognition, and documents clustering.

A significant body of knowledge is the basis for a holistic, caring and scientific evidence-based nursing education in practice for professional development. Quality teaching leads to good learning and both aspects are two of the main issues of quality assurance in nursing education today. To begin with, not all nursing students have the same levels of motivation or learning abilities. It is with cognisance of providing quality care for patients that the role of the nurse educator has to be to enhance nursing students' learning using scientific evidence based teaching. Research around teaching and learning processes is an important part of the delivery of quality education, which in turn impacts on students' learning results and experiences, thereby, ensuring holistic biopsychosocial care to patients. The main aim of teaching and learning in nursing, at all levels, is to enhance the nurses' contribution to assist the individuals, families and communities in promoting and preserving health, well-being and to efficiently respond to illnesses. We hope that this book can be used as a resource to increase the body of knowledge in teaching and learning in nursing, thereby enhancing the role and contribution of health care professionals to clinical practice.

Arhitekturni vodič predstavlja izbrane projekte žensk na področju arhitekture in oblikovanja 20. in 21. stoletja. Obsega predstavitve dosežkov žensk v štirih evropskih mestih in dveh deželah: Barcelona, Lizbona, Pariz, Torino, Nizozemska in Slovenija. Vsak od teh je predstavljen z uvodnikom in tremi potmi, na koncu pa za vsako deželo sledi krajši zapis o eni od pionirk na področju arhitekture in oblikovanja. V vodiču je predstavljenih 125 objektov, poleg bogatih ilustracij pa nudi tudi osnovne informacije o dostopnosti izbrane lokacije. Kot strokovna brezplačna publikacija je izšel v okviru evropskega projekta »MoMoWo – Women's Creativity since the Modern Movement« in je dostopen tudi na domači strani projekta.

The pandemic period has caused severe socio-economic damage, but it is accompanied by environmental deterioration that can also affect economic opportunities and social equity. In the face of this double risk, future generations are ready to be resilient and make their contribution not only on the consumption side, but also through their inclusion in all companies by bringing green and circular principles with them. Policy makers can also favor this choice.

Language plays an essential role both in creating law and in governing its implementation. Providing an accessible and comprehensive introduction to this subject, Language and Law:describes the different registers and genres that make up spoken and written legal language and how they develop over time; analyses real-life examples drawn from court cases from different parts of the world, illustrating the varieties of English used in the courtroom by speakers occupying different roles; addresses the challenges presented to our notions of law and regulation by online communication; discusses the complex role of translation in bilingual and multilingual jurisdictions, including Hong Kong and Canada; and provides readings from key scholars in the discipline, including Lawrence Solan, Peter Goodrich, Marianne Constable, David Mellinkoff, and Chris Heffer. With a wide range of activities throughout, this accessible textbook is essential reading for anyone studying language and law or forensic linguistics.