Open Access Books

1945 : « année zéro » pour la droite en France ? C'est, encore aujourd'hui, l'idée qui domine bien souvent. Une droite vichyste discréditée, sans chef, sans programme, sans organisation. Mais comment interpréter l'impressionnant succès du tout jeune MRP en 1945-1946 ? Comment qualifier De Gaulle et la percée spectaculaire du RPF en 1947 ? Comment comprendre l'arrivée de Pinay à Matignon en 1952, homme de la droite libérale, élu député en 1936 contre le Front populaire puis membre du Conseil national de Vichy ? À tout cela, cet ouvrage collectif – issu d'un colloque tenu à Rennes en mai 2003 – tente d'apporter des réponses neuves. Il en ressort que la droite, plurielle, était, dès avant la Débâcle, engagée dans un vaste processus de recomposition que la guerre puis la Libération n'ont fait qu'à la fois réorienter et précipiter...

Maritime transportation assumes a large number of cargo-delivering tasks in world trade. It is noted that maritime traffic safety and efficiency may be affected by varied factors such as weather, ship crew proficiency, etc. The topic Reprint focuses on the use of artificial intelligence techniques to enhance maritime transportation efficiency. More specifically, the Reprint unveils cutting-edge machine learning-supported studies, including autonomous guide vehicle path optimization, ship arrival and departure time estimation from insufficient/biased maritime data, anomaly ship kinematic data cleansing, ship collision avoidance, etc.

This collection engages with debates within ‘criminology’ about matters of colonial power, which have come to be conceptualized through the language of ‘decolonization’. It explores the uneasy relationship between the ‘criminal question’ and colonialism, and foregrounds the relevance of the legacies of this relationship to criminological enquiries. It invites and seeks to pursue a better understanding of the links between imperialism and colonialism on the one hand, and nationalism and globalization on the other, by exposing the imprints of these links on processes of marginalization, racialization, and exclusion that are central to contemporary criminal justice practices within and beyond nation-states. It advances this objective by examining the reverberations of colonial history and logics in the operation of crime control. The volume also aims to explore the critical potential of criminological scholarship, as a field that sits at the margins of several disciplines and perspectives, through a direct engagement with Southern epistemologies and perspectives. To do so, it brings together established and emerging scholars from the humanities and social sciences, who work at the intersections of criminal justice and postcolonial studies.

For some years now, the discourse on democracy education and civic education has been expanding in society, politics and academia. It seems unclear what is meant by each of these terms and what the relationship is between democracy education and civic education. The book attempts to clarify this from various perspectives (political theory, educational theory, historical, discourse-analytical, empirical, institutional-analytical) and sheds light on educational (dis)possibilities for democracy education and civic education in educational institutions. The authors were members of the DFG network for determining the relationship between democracy education and civic education. This Title is also Available as Open Access.

« Quand on sait, on se tait ! » : cette injonction paradoxale, que l'on peut aujourd'hui encore entendre dans une salle de classe, montre le rapport ambigu qu'entretient le couple parole et savoir au sein du système éducatif français. Cet ouvrage éclaire la question de l'oralité scolaire, point aveugle de la recherche en éducation, à travers l'histoire des idées éducatives. En soulevant la question de l'héritage républicain et plus largement, en mettant à jour un réseau de précurseurs européens de l'éducation dont l'idéal est centré sur le concept de parole vivante, cet ouvrage propose, à l'échelle européenne, une réflexion sur les enjeux et la dimension anthropologique de l'oralité scolaire.

Cognitive science arose in the 1950s when it became apparent that a number of disciplines, including psychology, computer science, linguistics, and philosophy, were fragmenting. Perhaps owing to the fieldÕs immediate origins in cybernetics, as well as to the foundational assumption that cognition is information processing, cognitive science initially seemed more unified than psychology. However, as a result of differing interpretations of the foundational assumption and dramatically divergent views of the meaning of the term information processing, three separate schools emerged: classical cognitive science, connectionist cognitive science, and embodied cognitive science.

Alors que le centenaire du début de la première guerre mondiale est devenu un véritable phénomène éditorial, les documents historiques et les fonds d'archives relatifs à cette période restent les parents pauvres de cette commémoration. La Grande Guerre et ses conséquences ont pourtant entraîné la production d'une énorme masse de documents, inédite par son ampleur, sa richesse et son caractère novateur. En partenariat avec les ministères de la Défense et des Affaires étrangères, le Service interministériel des Archives de France (ministère de la Culture et de la Communication) a réuni 80 contributeurs, tant universitaires qu'archivistes, pour réaliser ce manuel de recherche sur la première guerre mondiale. Cet ouvrage présente, en 49 contributions thématiques, les acquis de l'historiographie, les perspectives actuelles de la recherche et les sources archivistiques. Il est destiné aussi bien aux chercheurs et érudits qu'aux généalogistes et amateurs désireux de mieux connaître ce moment fondateur du XXe siècle : chacun, qu'il recherche une information ponctuelle, qu'il désire découvrir un sujet neuf pour lui, ou qu'il souhaite disposer d'un état des sources à consulter, pourra recourir à ce livre et y trouver la réponse à ses interrogations.

The Southern Highlands is one of Papua New Guinea’s most resource-rich provinces, but for a number of years the province has been riven by conflict. Longstanding inter-group rivalries, briefly set aside during the colonial period, have been compounded by competition for the benefits provided by the modern state and by fighting over the distribution of returns from the several big mining and petroleum projects located within the province or impinging upon it. Deaths from the various conflicts over the past decade number in the hundreds. As a result of inter-group fighting, criminal activity and vandalism, a number of businesses have withdrawn from the province. Roadblocks and ambushes have made travel dangerous in many parts and expatriate missionaries and aid workers have left. Many public servants have abandoned their posts with the result that state services are not provided. Corruption is rife. Police are often reluctant to act because they are outnumbered and outgunned. This volume brings together a number of authors with deep experience of the Southern Highlands to examine the underlying dynamics of resource development and conflict in the province. Its primary purpose is to provide some background to recent events, but the authors also explore possible approaches to limiting the human and economic costs of the ongoing conflict and breakdown of governance.

biografiA gives on the basis of selected 6.367 biographies an overview over many centuries of austrian female history and various insights into the cultural and social contexts of the concerned eras both for experts and the interested public.

EPDF and EPUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. As social media is increasingly becoming a standard feature of sociological practice, this timely book rethinks the role of these mediums in public sociology and what they can contribute to the discipline in the post-COVID world. It reconsiders the history and current conceptualizations of what sociology is, and analyzes what kinds of social life emerge in and through the interactions between ‘intellectuals’, ‘publics’ and ‘platforms’ of communication. Cutting across multiple disciplines, this pioneering work envisions a new kind of public sociology that brings together the digital and the physical to create public spaces where critical scholarship and active civic engagement can meet in a mutually reinforcing way.

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

In an age of political and economic uncertainty, from the Great Recession to the election of Donald Trump, it is essential to understand the ways capitalism and imperialism are central to the American way of life. The story told in this book brings together a new interpretation of American history beyond mainstream perspectives to chart the ways in which white-settler colonialism pushed expansion on the western frontier of empire, and locates the history through which empire gradually took on a capitalist form. It follows the pathway of expansion from the making of an Atlantic world market through the creation of white colonies in New England and Virginia. From here the book charts the growth of empire across the north and south, highlighting the gendered dynamics of empire-building, and culminates in a discussion of the Civil War and the consolidation of over two centuries of capitalist development explaining how a society with capitalism became a capitalist society.

This chapter discusses trends in global migration on the background of processes of commodification and recommodification and the rise of a neoliberal ‘regulatory state’. It explores perspectives for a contemporary countermovement of, for, or with a global ‘migrant precariat’. Through a review of current research advances relating to the ideopolitical processes leading up to the confirmation of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM), and the subsequent International Migration Review Forum, the authors ask what space there is for civil society in the global governance on migration? They explore potentials and pitfalls of the memento of ‘human rights’ related to the claims of civil society.

Germany, which brutalized its neighbors in Europe for centuries, has mostly escaped the ghosts of the past, while Japan remains haunted in Asia. The most common explanation for this difference is that Germany knows better how to apologize; Japan is viewed as “impenitent.” Walter F. Hatch rejects the conventional wisdom and argues that Germany has achieved reconciliation with neighbors by showing that it can be a trustworthy partner in regional institutions like the European Union and NATO; Japan has never been given that opportunity (by its dominant partner, the U.S.) to demonstrate such an ability to cooperate. This book rigorously defends the argument that political cooperation—not discourse or economic exchange—best explains Germany’s relative success and Japan’s relative failure in achieving reconciliation with neighbors brutalized by each regional power in the past. It uses paired case studies (Germany-France and Japan-South Korea; Germany-Poland and Japan-China) to gauge the effect of these competing variables on public opinion over time. With numerous charts, each of the four empirical chapters illustrates the powerful causal relationship between institution building and interstate reconciliation.

"Cicero composed his incendiary Philippics only a few months after Rome was rocked by the brutal assassination of Julius Caesar. In the tumultuous aftermath of Caesar’s death, Cicero and Mark Antony found themselves on opposing sides of an increasingly bitter and dangerous battle for control. Philippic 2 was a weapon in that war. Conceived as Cicero’s response to a verbal attack from Antony in the Senate, Philippic 2 is a rhetorical firework that ranges from abusive references to Antony’s supposedly sordid sex life to a sustained critique of what Cicero saw as Antony’s tyrannical ambitions. Vituperatively brilliant and politically committed, it is both a carefully crafted literary artefact and an explosive example of crisis rhetoric. It ultimately led to Cicero’s own gruesome death. This course book offers a portion of the original Latin text, vocabulary aids, study questions, and an extensive commentary. Designed to stretch and stimulate readers, Ingo Gildenhard’s volume will be of particular interest to students of Latin studying for A-Level or on undergraduate courses. It extends beyond detailed linguistic analysis to encourage critical engagement with Cicero, his oratory, the politics of late-republican Rome, and the transhistorical import of Cicero’s politics of verbal (and physical) violence."