Humanities & Social Sciences

Landlocked and surrounded by South Africa on all sides, the mountain kingdom of Lesotho became the world’s first “water-exporting country” when it signed a 1986 treaty with its powerful neighbor. An elaborate network of dams and tunnels now carries water to Johannesburg, the subcontinent’s water-stressed economic epicenter. Hopes that proceeds from water sales could improve Lesotho’s fortunes, however, have clashed with fears that soil erosion from overgrazing livestock could fill its reservoirs with sediment. In this wide-ranging and deeply researched book, Colin Hoag shows how producing water commodities incites a fluvial imagination: a sense for how water flows. As we enter our planet’s water-export era, Lesotho exposes the possibilities and perils ahead. “Colin Hoag’s keen ethnographic eye shows how the Basotho’s beloved pula (rain) was transformed into exportable and commodified ‘water,’ demonstrating how dams are entangled with a host of thorny social and political issues.” — James Ferguson, author of Give a Man a Fish: Reflections on the New Politics of Distribution “A rich account of the ecological, political, and economic contradictions produced through Lesotho’s water-export economy. The work is engaging and well-written, based on long-term fieldwork in Lesotho’s grazing communities, where lives and livelihoods are bound by the state’s management of water.” — Laura A. Ogden, author of Swamplife: People, Gators, and Mangroves Entangled in the Everglades “A beautifully written and thoroughly interdisciplinary book that shows why and how it is necessary to engage histories of racialization and commoditization in scientific practice, on the one hand, and natural scientific practices in the social sciences, on the other. In describing the ongoing histories and infrastructures that make water and empire durable forces, Hoag’s work is a wonderful and timely contribution.” — Nikhil Anand, author of Hydraulic City: Water and the Infrastructures of Citizenship in Mumbai

The Latino Body tells the story of the United States Latino body politic and its relation to the state: how the state configures Latino subjects and how Latino subjects have in turn altered the state. Lázaro Lima charts the interrelated groups that define themselves as Latinos and examines how these groups have responded to calls for unity and nationally shared conceptions of American cultural identity. He contends that their responses, in times of cultural or political crisis, have given rise to profound cultural transformations, enabling the so-called “Latino subject“ to emerge. Analyzing a variety of cultural, literary, artistic, and popular texts from the nineteenth century to the present, Lima dissects the ways in which the Latino body has been imagined, dismembered, and reimagined anew, providing one of the first comprehensive accounts of the construction of Latino cultural identity in the United States.

This book, written by 12 authors, asks: Who governed the Nordic towns from c. 1500 to 1800? The book is inspired by pivotal studies undertaken by Finn-Einar Eliassen in the late 1990s concerning the progression of family dynasties in ruling several small towns in Norway from c. 1600–1800. Eliassen ascertained that 8–10 small Norwegian towns happened to be dominated by two-three families in economic, social, political and administrative matters. He maintained that ownership of the very ground upon which the town was built came to define a privatized lordship, not only in Norway but also in various peripheries in central and northern Europe. Our investigations explore quite opposite patterns. The Norwegian landlords more effectively dominated their towns – compared with landlords in Danish, Finnish, and Baltic towns – by actually living and working there, and due to their vast engagement in lumber trade and shipping. In other parts of the Nordic region the landlords normally did not reside in the towns or get involved in business in the town district. However, they possessed other types of power and authority. Finally, we assert that the paths to power and wealth in privatized monopoly towns lay in the establishment of social networks, the ownership of strategic land estates in connection with trade, industry and transport, and, above all, controlling the credit system that bound the peasants and other social groups to supply their masters with labour, lumber, agricultural products, and so on. However, the power of the dynasties had obvious limitations.

Arthur Schopenhauer studierte von 1809 bis 1811 in Göttingen und besuchte vor allem historische und naturgeschichtliche Lehrveranstaltungen. Einer seiner wichtigsten Lehrer war dabei Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, der damals berühmteste Göttinger Naturforscher. Schopenhauer setzte die in Göttingen begonnenen naturwissenschaftlichen Studien auch nach der Entscheidung für eine Laufbahn als Philosoph und dem Wechsel an die neugegründete Universität in Berlin fort. Sein Interesse und seine Kenntnisse auf dem Gebiet der Naturwissenschaften und insbesondere der Physiologie sind ein wichtiger Schlüssel zum Verständnis seiner Philosophie. Schopenhauers Mitschriften von Blumenbachs Vorlesungen zur Naturgeschichte, Mineralogie, Anatomie und Physiologie dokumentieren aber nicht nur Blumenbachs Einfluss auf die intellektuelle Entwicklung des Philosophen. Sie sind zugleich eine wertvolle und anschauliche Quelle für die Tätigkeit Blumenbachs als Hochschullehrer. Mit seinen äußerst populären Vorlesungen prägte er mehrere Generationen von Studenten und hatte entscheidenden Anteil daran, den modernen Naturwissenschaften einen Platz im Geistesleben des 19. Jahrhunderts zu verschaffen.

This open access book explores contemporary practices that challenge science, arguing that this matter cannot be simply disregarded as a new manifestation of “anti-scientism”. It scrutinizes the processes through which knowledge claims, refused by established institutions and the scientific community, seek legitimacy. Assuming an agnostic analytical stance, it explores the actors involved in such processes and their social worlds, their interactions with epistemic institutions, and the ways in which they enact such refused knowledge in their daily lives. Drawing on a three-year mixed-method research project, this collection demonstrates how refused knowledge can be seen as a distinct mode of knowing, employed in response to the uncertainties of everyday life. Thus, it offers a deeper understanding not only of how refused knowledge garners credibility, but also of how knowledge at large – including scientific knowledge – emerges from specific sociotechnical assemblages.

Grappling with Monuments of Oppression provides a timely analysis of the diverse approaches being used around the world to confront colonial and imperial monuments and to promote social equity. Presenting 12 interdisciplinary, international case studies, this volume explores the ways in which the materiality of social domination can be combated. With contributions from activists, scholars, artists, and policymakers, the book envisions the theme of restorative justice in heritage and archaeology as encompassing initiatives for the reconciliation of past societal transgressions using processes that are multivocal, dialogic, historically informed, community-based, negotiated, and transformative. Arguing that monuments to historical figures who engaged in oppressive regimes provide rich opportunities for dialogue and negotiation, chapters within the book demonstrate that, by confronting these monuments, citizens can envision new ways to address the context and significance of the figures they memorialize and the many people who were targets of their oppression. Contributors to the book also provide a toolkit of methods and strategies for addressing the continuing structures of social domination. Grappling with Monuments of Oppression will be essential reading for academics and students working in heritage studies, archaeology, anthropology, material culture studies, landscape analysis, and museum studies. It will also be of great interest to practitioners and activists around the world. Chapters 1 and 2 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

The Uprising of Women in Philanthropy tells the inspiring, never-before-told, story of the Global Women’s Funding Movement—considered the women’s movement’s greatest secret—and how it enabled women from all walks of life to harness the power of money to free themselves from oppression. Brimming with feminist epiphanies, this social justice playbook is an urgent call for women’s collective leadership to guide humanity through the gravest of challenges, overcoming patriarchy’s multi-millennium reign through the uprising of women leaders and philanthropists. Founded during the second-wave women’s movement of the early 1970s, small groups of women across the world, independent of each other, had the same epiphany: it will take a movement of women to raise the money needed to fund women’s freedom. Since then, the Global Women's Funding Movement has grown into a global network of radically generous, risk-taking philanthropists who collectively wield financial might to win seismic gender equality victories. The authors document the "Women Effect" that results from gender equality and women’s collective leadership, including improved public health and reproductive justice, expanded public education, stronger democracies, resilient economies, climate recovery and enduring peace. The Global Women's Funding Movement is guided by its Feminist Funding Principles and, through them, it has innovated the most effective philanthropic practices, including trust-based philanthropy. The Uprising of Women in Philanthropy is for those interested in focusing the power of philanthropy on leveraging systemic social justice victories and gender equality gains. The long-practiced Feminist Funding Principles imparted by the authors is a recipe for the feminist alchemy needed to transform society for the betterment of all.

Why does scholarship on innovation fixate on certain classes of technology? Could our research tools and techniques be concealing as much as they reveal?Ryan T. MacNeil shows how the common instrumentalities of innovation research carry neoliberal market biases. He calls for critical scholars to examine how we observe and understand innovation, offering ways forward to deconstruct and reform disciplinary conventions.This book makes a valuable contribution to critical management and science and technology studies by shedding light on the ‘dark matter’ of innovation. This will be an important resource for scholars and practitioners interested in disruptive ideas about innovation.

This chapter introduces the topic of this book and gives an overview over the themes addressed in the following chapters. It discusses and clarifies the central terms of the project such as the main terms in the book title, which refers to various kinds of techniques of illusion, and the distinction between magic, tricks, and illusions. This chapter also examines the concept of willing suspension of disbelief that is often used to explain the reception of magic for entertainment purposes, and clarifies some of the jargon used by magicians to distinguish various kinds of illusions in order to introduce the focal point of the book: modern, technology-based stage magic. After a critical reflection on issues concerning the race and gender of the protagonists of this book and their historical visibility and determinations, this chapter also lays out the time and space of the stories told in this book. It concludes with an overview over the book’s contents and structure as well as the materials used and the archives consulted in the course of this research project.

Technische Anlagen zur Beförderung von Personen oder Gütern führen bislang ein Schattendasein in Wissenschaften und gesellschaftlicher Reflexion. Dabei ist der Bedarf an architektur-, technik- und kunstgeschichtlicher Forschung zum Thema enorm: Historische Aufzüge, Rolltreppen oder Schiffshebewerke geraten als technisches Erbe, aber auch aus Gründen der Nachhaltigkeit zunehmend in den Fokus von Denkmalschutz und Öffentlichkeit. Die Beiträger*innen nehmen deshalb die gestalterischen und funktionalen Schnittstellen zwischen Mobilem und Immobilem in den Blick. Die ästhetische und technische Untersuchung des Beweglichen zeigt so neue Wege zur Ertüchtigung und Erhaltung dieser historischen Anlagen auf.

There is an increasing tendency to use the development experience of Asian countries as a reference point for other countries in the Global South. Korea’s condensed urbanization and industrialization, accompanied by the expansion of new cities and industrial complexes across the country, have become one such model, even if the fruits of such development may not have been equitably shared across geographies and generations. The chapters in this book critically reassess the Korean urban development experience from regional policy to new town development, demonstrating how these policy experiences were deeply rooted in Korea’s socioeconomic environment and discussing what can be learned from them when applying them in other developmental contexts

The ‘spectre of populism’ might be an apt description for what is happening in different parts of the world, but does it apply to New Zealand? Immediately after New Zealand’s 2017 general election, populist party New Zealand First gained a pivotal role in a coalition with the Labour Party, leading some international observers to suggest it represented a populist capture of the government. The leader of New Zealand First, Winston Peters, justified his support for Labour as necessary to allow capitalism to ‘regain … its human face’. The new prime minister, Jacinda Ardern, spoke of a kinder, inclusive politics. This book draws on the 2017 New Zealand Election Study to uncover New Zealanders’ political attitudes and preferences post-election. Its authors ask: is New Zealand now A Populist Exception? Through detailed empirical analyses of how populism and authoritarianism affected vote choice, opinions about immigration, satisfaction with democracy and the relevance of gender and indigeneity to these issues, this book finds that New Zealand politics today does not reflect the international trend toward ideological polarisation and electoral volatility. The authors argue that inclusive forms of populism can be pluralist if a leader’s rhetorical approach recognises ‘the people’ as diverse and encompassing. A Populist Exception? concludes that although populism has long been a strong current in New Zealand history, contemporary New Zealand exhibits a moderate form of populism, with liberal and pluralist values in balance with a strong commitment to majoritarian democracy.

La masacre perpetrada contra la población civil en 1937 en la villa vizcaína de Gernika se ha convertido en un verdadero dispositivo de la memoria que inspira creaciones artísticas de muy diversa índole. El más conocido, sin duda, el Guernica (1937) de Pablo Picasso. De ahí el título que hemos propuesto para este volumen, Gernika(k) / Guernica(s). Resemantizaciones de un trauma histórico . Ambos, el bombardeo y el cuadro, estructuran los diversos capítulos que reflexionan sobre su representación en el arte y la literatura. Otras contribuciones denuncian la manipulación histórica del bombardeo, o su simbolismo como lugar de memoria. Convertido en símbolo polivalente, Gernika es fuente de inspiración para los artistas y para la reflexión crítica que, lejos del contexto histórico específico que lo generó, ha acertado en concitar reivindicaciones como la de la paz y denuncias como la del horror de la guerra.

The Master in Interventional Pulmonology aims at training a versatile pulmonologist, with professional skills in diagnostic and operative bronchoscopy, thoracoscopy and artificial respiratory tracts management with the synergistic contribution of university and hospital teachers. Every year, several specialists from all over the national territory take part to the Master. This work is a collection of all the dissertations presented by the attendants of the seventh edition of the Master in Interventional Pulmonology of the academic year 2015/2016, and acts as evidence and worthy conclusion for a demanding but fruitful year of study and practical activities aimed at certifying professional competence, which can be useful and expendable in the curriculum of a pulmonologist.

This new translation into English seeks to introduce the reader to the character of the Samaritan version of the Pentateuch, while emphasising the fundamental differences between it and the Masoretic version. The translation is based on a grammatical analysis of each and every word in the text according to its oral pronunciation, informed by examination of the Samaritan translations into Aramaic and Arabic as well as other Samaritan and non-Samaritan sources. One of the most ancient and important Samaritan manuscripts of the Pentateuch, MS Nablus 6, copied in 1204 CE, serves to represent the Samaritan version. The English translation is placed in the left-hand column of each page, while the Samaritan original is displayed in the right-hand column. For the reader’s convenience, differences between the Samaritan and Masoretic versions are marked in red. In addition to translating the Hebrew text and highlighting the differences between it and the Masoretic text, each difference is explained in a brief note in an apparatus at the bottom of the page. Where expansion is appropriate, the reader is referred to extended notes at the end of the edition.