Humanities & Social Sciences

Die Identifikation der Disponibilität technischer Prozesse und Produkte eine notwendige Voraussetzung für Technik und für die Charakterisierung der Technik als „Inbegriff der Mittel“ wird der Begriff des Mittels dahingehend präzisiert, dass er neben realisierten auch potentielle Mittel beinhaltet.

William Shakespeare’s King Lear has long received considerable attention for textual, philological and theatrical reasons. This monograph combines academic research and the close reading of the 1608 Quarto to find answers to the question what makes this play an outstanding and exceptional work of art. Written to be performed to a courtly audience, the text bears traces of the dramaturgical heritage of Tudor interludes as well as the tropes of early Jacobean public discourses. Relying on George Puttenham’s contemporaneous handbook of rhetorical and poetic conventions, the monograph argues that the corporeal image cluster of the text corresponds to the rhetoric of royal discourses based on the tropes of the body politic. Thus the 1608 King Lear Quarto stands as a dramatic response to royal propaganda and holds a mirror of governance to both the royal court and to King James, who supposedly was present at the first performance of the play in Whitehall.

After years of indiscriminate exploitation, the Anthropocene period is giving us back a nature whose reactions make the Earth less and less habitable: reversing the route has now become a urgent priority. The paradigm of ecosystem services is moving a step in the right direction in considering the multiplicity of benefits offered to mankind by the environment, but lends itself to quantitative drifts that risk extending commodification to the world of nature. This book investigates the consistency and usefulness for the sciences of the territory of the paradigm of ecosystem services from multiple disciplinary horizons, advancing the proposal to bring it back within a bioregional approach, with the introduction of the concept of eco-territorial services.

Organizational Studies, Economic Sociology; Environmental Economics; Community & Population Ecology

An effective design review is critical to identifying changes and/or errors at the early stage of construction projects and reduce the project costs. Traditionally, design reviews are conducted by reviewing the project by reading multiple drawings. The inherent demands of reading project drawings are especially challenging for entry-level built environment learners who often need professional experience and may need more training and skills to fully understand technical representations. Previous research has focused on evaluating the impacts of interactive visualization technologies, such as virtual reality, on the learners’ design review thinking skills and showed how such technologies could support learners and industry professionals in performing design reviews. However, such research has yet to assess its impacts on their self-efficacy in engaging in design review thinking skills. Self-efficacy can be defined as one's perception of their ability to perform a task, such as problem-solving and evaluation. To understand how the VR technology can support learners in increasing their self-efficacy in performing design reviews, the researchers hosted a pilot study to evaluate immersive virtual reality design reviews' impacts. Based on the results of this pilot study, the implementation of immersive virtual reality has the potential to positively impact first year-built environment learners’ self-efficacy in performing design reviews

The theme of solidarity between European Union (EU) member states lies at the heart of the European integration process itself, in the context of an ongoing tension between the renunciation of national sovereignty, driven by a drive for cooperation, and the maintenance of prerogatives of strategic interest to states. In fact, the EU was born from the decision of its members to pool selected aspects of their sovereignty, in a process whose evolution is expressed both in the choice of community policies and in the availability and methods of financing those policies. These are two sides of the same coin, that of the Community budget, which is the operational instrument that supports and accompanies the major steps in the EU's evolutionary process. Indeed, since the 1980s, the Community budget has represented the instrument capable of holding together on the one hand the process of economic liberalisation and on the other the objective of social integration between countries that had different starting conditions. However, cooperation and solidarity are aspects that need to be strengthened today, albeit in new dimensions. The financial crisis has brought about a new acceleration in the coordination of national fiscal policies, without, however, generating the missing piece to European economic policy, namely an autonomous fiscal capacity, endowed with taxation power, on which a full fiscal union would be based.

Ce livre met en exergue ce qui se loge dans l’ombre du geste dansant à partir d’une ethnographie des processus de création de trois compagnies suisses : Nicole Seiler, Massimo Furlan/Numéro23Prod, deRothfils. L’anthropologue s’est intéressée au processus de fabrication d’oeuvres chorégraphiques qui abordent des questions existentielles. Angoisse, solitude, rapports entre morts et vivants, ces performances mettent en scène des ombres sous la forme d’esprits, de fantômes et de monstres. Enrichie par une pratique personnelle de la danse, cette recherche est née d’une anthropologie phénoménologique. La proximité avec les danseur.euse.s et chorégraphes a introduit la chercheuse au coeur des préoccupations de la création chorégraphique, et l’a amenée à partager les joies et les douleurs des corps affectés. En dialogue avec les études en danse, cet ouvrage contribue aux théories sociales du corps et des sensations.

Die 1972 von den Frankfurter Slavisten Olexa Horbatsch und Gerd Freidhof begründete Reihe Specimina philologiae Slavicae wird heute von Holger Kuße (Dresden), Peter Kosta (Potsdam), Beatrix Kreß (Hildesheim), Franz Schindler (Gießen), Barbara Sonnenhauser (Zürich) und Nadine Thielemann (Wien) herausgeben. In der Reihe erscheinen Monographien, Sammelbände und Lehrbücher zu allen Gebieten der Slavistik, der Sprach-, der Literatur- und der Kulturwissenschaft. In der Sprachwissenschaft erscheinen sowohl sprachhistorische als auch innovative Arbeiten zur Pragmatik und Semantik, zu slavischen Kleinsprachen und zur Diskurslinguistik. In der Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaft gehört zu den besonderen Interessensgebieten die Russische Philosophie.

This insightful collection highlights the ethical, legal and societal issues associated with the increasing role played by artificial intelligence (AI) in medical biobanks, a key research resource in the global study of disease prevention and improving individual care. Although AI has the potential to speed up health research, the book considers numerous questions that the technology poses, from the building of trust to the prevention of harm to individuals, vulnerable groups or entire populations. Examining the tension between scientific progress and safeguarding of individual rights, and covering key issues such as accountability, data bias, transparency, and liability, the book considers the legal landscape in which biobanks operate, and what layers of governance are required to oversee such an important resource in a fluid technological age. A timely volume that brings together scholars and experts from social sciences, ethics, and law, this important book will interest researchers and professionals in Biomedicine, Law, and the broader Health Sciences. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0 license.

In Pursuing Truth, Mary J. Oates explores the roles that religious women played in teaching generations of college and university students amid slow societal change that brought the grudging acceptance of Catholics in public life. Across the twentieth century, Catholic women's colleges modeled themselves on, and sometimes positioned themselves against, elite secular colleges. Oates describes these critical pedagogical practices by focusing on Notre Dame of Maryland University, formerly known as the College of Notre Dame of Maryland, the first Catholic college in the United States to award female students four-year degrees. The sisters and laywomen on the faculty and in the administration at Notre Dame of Maryland persevered in their work while facing challenges from the establishment of the Catholic Church, mainline Protestant churches, and secular institutions. Pursuing Truth presents the stories of the institution's female founders, administrators, and professors whose labors led it through phases of diversification. The pattern of institutional development regarding the place of religious identity, gender and sexuality, and race that Oates finds at Notre Dame of Maryland is a paradigmatic story of change in US higher education. Similarly representative is her account of the school's effort, from the late 1960s to the present, to maintain its identity as a women's liberal arts college. Thanks to generous funding from the Cushwa Center at the University of Notre Dame, the ebook editions of this book are available as Open Access (OA) volumes from Cornell Open (cornellpress.cornell.edu/cornell-open) and other Open Access repositories.

Frances Brooke’s Emancipatory Sensibility centers on an outstanding woman writer whose educational beliefs were consistently liberal and generously favored freedoms that allowed for mistakes as a way of acquiring experience. Brooke also believed in inborn virtue, and her cultural engagement with related philosophies of the human mind and its cultivation deserves greater scholarly attention. This is the first study to comprehensively discuss her ideas on education, while also paying attention to Brooke’s own learning experiences in the burgeoning London publishing industry. Organized chronologically, the book guides the reader through Brooke’s career and engagement with diverse genres— novels, tragedy, librettos, and essays— that reflect her artistic versatility, feminist convictions, and business resolve. Furthermore, Brooke’s endeavors required increasing amounts of resources, expertise, and recognition— all of which she had to work particularly hard to acquire as a woman, and for which she risked a reputation that was essential to her desired goals.

Rich connections between gaming and theater stretch back to the 16th and 17th centuries, when England's first commercial theaters appeared right next door to gaming houses and blood-sport arenas. In the first book-length exploration of gaming in the early modern period, Gina Bloom shows that theaters succeeded in London's new entertainment marketplace largely because watching a play and playing a game were similar experiences. Audiences did not just see a play; they were encouraged to play the play, and knowledge of gaming helped them become better theatergoers. Examining dramas written for these theaters alongside evidence of analog games popular then and today, Bloom argues for games as theatrical media and theater as an interactive gaming technology. Gaming the Stage also introduces a new archive for game studies: scenes of onstage gaming, which appear at climactic moments in dramatic literature. Bloom reveals plays to be systems of information for theater spectators: games of withholding, divulging, speculating, and wagering on knowledge. Her book breaks new ground through examinations of plays such as The Tempest, Arden of Faversham, A Woman Killed with Kindness, and A Game at Chess; the histories of familiar games such as cards, backgammon, and chess; less familiar ones, like Game of the Goose; and even a mixed-reality theater videogame.

This chapter examines conflicting claims about the potential of European VET to provide a model for technical and vocational systems across the world. Technocratic accounts by international policy bodies, especially the OECD and EU, have focused on the possibilities for VET to facilitate transitions to employment by providing early experiences of learning at work, drawing on the integration of VET into production systems, as in the German system, seen as a barrier to neoliberal convergence because maintaining key progressive features into service sectors. Conversely, universalist welfare states held to underpin VET in Scandinavia have meanwhile given way to dualised social policies which, echoing the welfare state literature, can be seen either as ‘layered’ parallel provision or the direct erosion of comprehensive policies. During the early post-war period VET systems incorporated progressive educational elements which have come under attack, as signs of emerging dualisation have undermined the more progressive features of VET in Europe. Challenges from higher levels of VET, particularly in its most employer-responsive forms, can be seen as signs of this emerging dualisation.

The chapters in this volume explore the relationship between music and art in Italy across the long sixteenth century, considering an era when music-making was both a subject of Italian painting and a central metaphor in treatises on the arts. Beginning in the fifteenth century, transformations emerge in the depiction of music within visual arts, the conceptualization of music in ethics and poetics, and in the practice of musical harmony. This book brings together contributors from across musicology and art history to consider the trajectories of these changes and the connections between them, both in theory and in the practices of everyday life. In sixteen chapters, the contributors blend iconographic analysis with a wider range of approaches, investigate the discourse surrounding the arts, and draw on both social art history and the material turn in Renaissance studies. They address not only paintings and sculpture, but also a wide range of visual media and domestic objects, from instruments to tableware, to reveal a rich, varied, and sometimes tumultuous exchange among musical and visual arts and ideas. Enriching our understanding of the subtle intersections between visual, material, and musical arts across the long Renaissance, this book offers new insights for scholars of music, art, and cultural history.

The Repoliticization of the Welfare State grapples with the evolving nature of political conflict over social spending after the Great Recession. While the severity of the economic crisis encouraged strong social spending responses to protect millions of individuals, governments have faced growing pressure to reduce budgets and make deep cuts to the welfare state. Whereas conservative parties have embraced fiscal discipline and welfare state cuts, left-wing parties have turned away from austerity in favor of higher social spending. These political differences represent a return of traditional left-right beliefs over social spending and economic governance. This book is one of the first to systematically compare welfare state politics before and after the Great Recession, arguing that a new and lasting post-crisis dynamic has emerged where political parties once again matter for social spending. At the heart of this repoliticization are intense ideological debates over market regulation, social inequality, redistribution, and the role of the state. The book analyzes social spending dynamics for 28 countries before and after the crisis. It also includes in-depth country case studies representing five distinct welfare state types: Germany, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Spain, and the Czech Republic.