Humanities & Social Sciences

The present survey aims at creating the basis for an extensive study on poetry written by victims of political repressions in the whole area of Segregation in the Soviet Union: prisons, forced labour camps, Gulags and confinement. The research relies on evidence drawn from published and archive materials, concerning the 1918-1956 period. We propose a systematization of the corpus, based on a new methodology: the key-concept of ‘poetry of Zone’ as a literary track of testimony of political repression, which was synchronical to the imprisonment experience in the USSR.

Before new interventions can be used in disease control programmes, it is essential that they are carefully evaluated in “field trials”, which may be complex and expensive undertakings. Descriptions of the detailed procedures and methods used in trials that have been conducted in the past have generally not been published. As a consequence, those planning such trials have few guidelines available and little access to previously accumulated knowledge. In this book the practical issues of trial design and conduct are discussed fully and in sufficient detail for the text to be used as a “toolbox” by field investigators. The toolbox has now been extensively tested through use of the first two editions and this third edition is a comprehensive revision, incorporating the many developments that have taken place with respect to trials since 1996 and involving more than 30 contributors. Most of the chapters have been extensively revised and 7 new chapters have been added.

From Risk Profiling to Enterprise Resilience introduces readers to a new approach to risk profiling theory and methodology, as well as relationships between an enterprise’s risk profile and its resilience to crises. Given the need to reflect on changes in approaches to risk and risk management in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the book attempts to characterize the interdependencies between risk profiling processes and the processes of shaping and improving enterprise resilience. After reading the book, the readers will firstly gain theoretical knowledge of risk management in non-crisis and crisis conditions, risk mitigation and risk profiling. Secondly, they will also acquire the practical skills of performing risk profiling, identifying risk mitigation actions, perceiving relationships between individual enterprises’ risk profiles (and their changes), and the building and improving of their resilience. The inclusion of graphics, tables, diagrams, charts, instructions and recommendations will make the content is also easy to understand for a non-specialist audience. This book will be of great interest entrepreneurs, managers and risk management professionals, who can use the content included in the book in their management processes, as well as stakeholders of various enterprises, business and academic communities and students of all levels.

Offering good quality bathing beaches to the public is a necessity faced by Local and Tourist Authorities of coastal areas. Recreation by the sea or inland waters provides multiple benefits to local communities: health, physical and social activities, the local economy through the attraction of tourists. The increase of population in the coastal zone has caused an increase in the demand of recreational spaces.These days a multitude of coasts used (or with a potential to be used) for recreational purposes are not designated beaches. The benefits of their inclusion in the lists of designated bathing waters are substantial, because the regular microbiological monitoring safeguards public health. Additionally designated, monitored beaches become visible to international tourists through the relevant sites (i.e. in Europe through the European Environment Agency). To cover this emerging need for new monitored beaches we set a framework of actions necessary to transform a coastal recreation area to a designated bathing beach, suited for use with no health concerns. In this systematic, analytical, step by step Coastal Zone Management approach, we guide and support the competent authorities to design and develop a listed bathing beach.

For the people in the Early Modern Age, famines were regularly recurring phenomena. So not less than eight of these crises happened in the areas of Lower Saxony between 1690 and 1750, which had a lasting impact on various aspects of life for the contemporaries. Therefore topics of different historical subdisciplines like economic, social, cultural and environmental history are dealt with in this dissertation. Thus, this thesis aims to bridge the gap between climatically and socially determined patterns of hunger. With the help of the concept of vulnerability it is shown that hunger crises can neither be ascribed to natural processes nor human operations exclusively. In fact they were the outcome of a chain of human-nature-interactions and were perceived as such by the contemporaries. A further emphasis of this book is put on the examination of contemporary coping strategies. The hereby worked out explanatory and interpretive models proved to be determining how the contemporaries tried to cope with hunger on a personal and joint level. Regarding the latter it is shown that famines played a decisive role in the consolidation of leadership in the Early Modern Age. Because of their regular recurrence they worked as focal points of the negotiation of sovereignity between authorities and subjects more than any other crisis situation in this process.

Leistung ist ein zentrales Prinzip des Sports, das weit über das Gewinnen hinausgeht. Carina Eichele zeigt auf Basis qualitativer Interviews anschaulich, wie vielfältig Leistung erlebt und gestaltet wird. Es geht zusätzlich zur Präsentation um den Akt der Vergemeinschaftung, das materiale Erleben und ästhetische Erfahren sowie um die Frage des Gesundheitsmanagements. Mit Blick auf den Trendsport eröffnet sie nach der Grounded Theory Methodologie innovative Perspektiven – sogar das Stürzen wird als Leistung betrachtet. Es entsteht ein facettenreiches Bild rund um die Kernkategorie Steigerung, das neue Impulse und wertvolle Reflexionsansätze für die Sportpädagogik, Lehrer*innen und Trainer*innen sowie das eigene sportliche Handeln bietet.

The Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design (FMCAD) is an annual conference on the theory and applications of formal methods in hardware and system verification. FMCAD provides a leading forum to researchers in academia and industry for presenting and discussing groundbreaking methods, technologies, theoretical results, and tools for reasoning formally about computing systems. FMCAD covers formal aspects of computer-aided system design including verification, specification, synthesis, and testing.

This is an Open Access book. This book is a must-have for healthcare providers and researchers, public health specialists and policy makers who are interested and involved in cancer care in the Arab world. The Arab world consists of 22 countries, which are members of the Arab League and spanning over 13,132,327 km2 with over 423,000,000 population. Over the past few decades, the Arab world has witnessed a swift evolution in healthcare provision. Nonetheless, Arab countries have considerable variability in economic capabilities, resource allocation, and intellectual talent that inevitably reflect on access to modern cancer care and prevention. This book is authored by experts from the Arab world who provide vital information on cancer statistics and risk factors, available clinical care pathways and infrastructure, and prevention programs in their individual countries. The chapters also address specific challenges in each country and insights into future directions to achieve optimal care with conventional and novel diagnostics and therapies to keep up with the era of precision medicine. Special topics of interest and unique to the Arab world are also discussed, such as out of the country’s medical tourism for cancer care and cancer care during war and conflict. Other special chapters include: Cancer research in the Arab world, Radiation therapy in Arab World and Pediatric Oncology in the Arab World Cancer in the Arab World is the first comprehensive book that addresses cancer care in depth in all Arab countries and it is endorsed by the prestigious Emirates Oncology Society.

Given Australia's lack of energy security strategy, it is not surprising that the country is void of institutional knowledge and know-how of Russian foreign energy strategy. The 'lucky country’ as it were, relies entirely on sea-lines of communication to the north to supply fuel and to export Australian coal and natural gas. Australia has entered the 2020s as the world’s largest liquefied natural gas (LNG) exporter; however, maintaining complacency in Canberra’s current export activities will ultimately lead to a long-term security crisis. This book critically examines Russian energy strategy in the Asia-Pacific, with a view to determining the security implications for Australia. Russia is important for global energy security chains because of its vast resource wealth and its geographical position – a pivotal position to supply both the European and Asian markets. Australia has no such luxury, geographically constrained as an island continent; it relies on the nearby Asia-Pacific import market to demand our energy and to facilitate the delivery of our national oil supplies. Understanding Russian foreign energy strategy in the region is crucial given the growing energy requirements in Australia’s emerging Asia-Pacific arena.

The traditional forms and contents of teaching will no longer meet the challenges of the future. Beyond "educational" knowledge, an expanded and sophisticated understanding of "education" is required. In this objective, an alternative concept of learning organisation is developed: Adolescents develop individual competence profiles in their own learning work and at the same time experience in joint projects that all can and must contribute responsibly to success with their different competences.

Children today grow up in an increasingly volatile, complex and uncertain world. Theirs is a generation disempowered from steering their lives while society’s systems are failing to provide the support they need. Yet, a country only prospers when its children – from all walks of life – thrive, meaning that the United Kingdom now faces some consequential choices. Raising the Nation builds a compelling case showing why we must nurture smart, strong and kind children to one day inherit the stewardship of society. Setting out big public policy ideas, enhanced by contributions from academic and campaigning experts, as well as those with lived experience, including London Mayor Sadiq Khan, singer and activist Charlotte Church, and ex-prime minister of Denmark and former CEO of Save the Children International Helle Thorning-Schmidt, this book is a manifesto to deliver our brightest possible future. Reframing political success, it shows why we must prioritise child-centred policies to ensure the future strength of our communities, environment and economy.

Recent decades have witnessed profound shifts in the politics of medicine and the biological sciences. Members of several professions, including philosophers, lawyers and social scientists, now discuss and help regulate issues that were once left to doctors and scientists, in a form of outside involvement known as ‘bioethics’. The making of British bioethics provides the first in-depth study of the growing demand for this outside involvement in Britain, where bioethicists have become renowned and influential ‘ethics experts’. The book moves beyond existing histories, which often claim that bioethics arose in response to questions surrounding new procedures such as in vitro fertilisation. It shows instead that British bioethics emerged thanks to a dynamic interplay between changing sociopolitical concerns and the aims of specific professional groups and individuals. Highlighting this interplay has important implications for our understanding of how issues such as embryo experiments, animal research and assisted dying became high profile ‘bioethical’ concerns in late twentieth century Britain. And it also helps us appreciate how various individuals and groups intervened in and helped create the demand for bioethics, playing a major role in their transformation into ‘ethics experts’. The making of British bioethics draws on a wide range of materials, including government archives, popular sources, professional journals, and original interviews with bioethicists and politicians. It is clearly written and will appeal to historians of medicine and science, general historians, bioethicists, and anyone interested in what the emergence of bioethics means for our notions of health, illness and morality.

Realizzato nel 1960 a Berlino, nell’ex DDR, dal regista Glauco Pellegrini, Italienisches Capriccio (Capriccio Italiano) si configura come una trasposizione cinematografica degli episodi più significativi della vita di Carlo Goldoni, reinventati in modo originale nello stile delle sue commedie. L’incredibile storia subita dal film, di cui fu osteggiata la lavorazione, l’‘imprigionamento’ della pellicola con l’edificazione del Muro nel 1961 e la sua ‘liberazione’, avvenuta per merito del regista Carlo Lizzani, testimoniano i fermenti culturali del cinema italiano degli anni ’50-’60 e il clima politico e sociale della Guerra Fredda. Pellegrini realizza Capriccio Italiano avvalendosi della sceneggiatura di Liana Ferri e del grande sceneggiatore premio Oscar, Ugo Pirro. E dirigendo nel film attori di diversa nazionalità, anticipando così i tempi, Pellegrini scriveva: «Gli artisti possono svolgere un ruolo importante per la fraterna intesa fra i popoli […] io cerco col lavoro di affermare che esiste un’Europa Unica, e che questa grande famiglia di nazioni guarda alla pace e respinge la guerra».

The name DGGTB (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie; German Society for the History and Theory of Biology) reflects recent history as well as German tradition. The Society is a relatively late addition to a series of German societies of science and medicine that began with the »Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geschichte der Medizin und der Naturwissenschaften«, founded in 1910 by Leipzig University's Karl Sudhoff (1853-1938), who wrote: »We want to establish a ,German' society in order to gather German-speaking historians together in our special disciplines so that they form the core of an international society...«. Yet Sudhoff, at this time of burgeoning academic internationalism, was »quite willing« to accommodate the wishes of a number of founding members and »drop the word German in the title of the Society and have it merge with an international society«. The founding and naming of the Society at that time derived from a specific set of historical circumstances, and the same was true some 80 years later when in 1991, in the wake of German reunification, the »Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie« was founded. From the start, the Society has been committed to bringing studies in the history and philosophy of biology to a wide audience, using for this purpose its Jahrbuch für Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie. Parallel to the Jahrbuch, the Verhandlungen zur Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie has become the by now traditional medium for the publication of papers delivered at the Society's annual meetings. In 2005 the Jahrbuch was renamed Annals of the History and Philosophy of Biology, reflecting the Society's internationalist aspirations in addressing comparative biology as a subject of historical and philosophical studies.

Die vorliegende Untersuchung der Nominalisierung, d.i. der Bildung der Nomina im Gegenwartspolnisch stellt einen Versuch dar, diese beiden Gebiete, d.i. die Phonologie und die Wortbildung zusammenhängend darzustellen, indem u.a. der Wortbildung ein wortphonologisches Regelsystem vorausgeschickt wird, das das Funktionieren hauptsächlich der morphologisch motivierten Alternationen zeigt und somit auch in die Wortbildung einbezogen werden kann. Den theoretischen Rahmen dieser Untersuchung bildet im weitesten Sinne die sog. Erweiterte Standard-Theorie der Generativistik, die ungeachtet der Tatsache angewandt wird, daß sie - als Standard-Theorie - besonders zwischen Rhein und Elbe - sicherlich durch "Überstrapazierung" besonders in den 70-er Jahren - an Beachtung verloren hat. Im Falle der Nominalisierung im Polnischen bietet sie in ihrer erweiterten Form jedoch die Möglichkeit, die Wortbildung des Polnischen in ihrer Eigenart beschreibungsadäquat darzustellen.