Humanities & Social Sciences

Sea Cucumber Stories explores multispecies entanglements and ocean worldings, from a sea cucumber perspective. Drawing on environmental, multispecies and ocean anthropology, it enlists the sea cucumber to tell stories of how and why the ocean and its creatures matter to life on our blue planet. The chapters draw on multisited, multimodal and multisensory fieldwork in Tanzania, where the sea cucumber is undergoing interesting transformations, from an ocean creature created by God to a commodity in the global seafood market, farmed for export to China. While breaking new ground in multispecies anthropology, this creative book builds on the author’s earlier work in digital and literary anthropology. Sea cucumber stories are told from an imaginary as well as a scholarly perspective. The sea cucumber is treated as a fellow creature to draw attention to the wonders of multispecies undersea worlds and the troubles of human exploitation of what is perceived as a marine resource. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Inclusion and Diversity in Education. 10 Years of Research in Special Education is a work that reflects the rigorous and sustained commitment of scholars and researchers from the Department of Special Education at the Metropolitan University of Educational Sciences. Over the course of a decade, they have addressed key topics such as teacher training, the inclusion of students with disabilities, especially those with Autism Spectrum Disorder, and intercultural bilingual education in indigenous communities with depth and sensitivity. This work highlights the complexities and tensions between official and cultural knowledge, proposing approaches that promote authentic intercultural dialogue and more inclusive educational policies. Furthermore, it offers a critical analysis of structural barriers in higher education and underscores the fundamental role of the tutor teacher in building equitable educational environments. This compilation constitutes a solid and pertinent academic contribution, which significantly contributes to the advancement of a more just, diverse, and respectful education of the multiple identities present in Chile.

This article provides an overview of the research done in recent years by the ERC-funded projects EINITE-Economic Inequality across Italy and Europe 1300-1800, and SMITE-Social Mobility and Inequality across Italy and Europe 1300-1800. It begins by discussing the sources available for reconstructing preindustrial economic inequality, especially in Italy, then it provides an overview of the methods which have been developed to produce reliable and homogenous information about inequality levels and trends. The method developed by EINITE to produce measures or distributions representative of broader aggregates (regions or entire states) is also discussed, as well as the techniques that can be employed to explore in a meaningful way such distributions to answer relevant historical questions.

This open access book raises crucial questions about the citizenship of the European Union. Is it a new citizenship beyond the nation-state although it is derived from Member State nationality? Who should get it? What rights and duties does it entail? Should EU citizens living in other Member States be able to vote there in national elections? If there are tensions between free movement and social rights, which should take priority? And should the European Court of Justice determine what European citizenship is about or the legislative institutions of the EU or national parliaments? This book collects a wide range of answers to these questions from legal scholars, political scientists, and political practitioners. It is structured as a series of three conversations in which authors respond to each other. This exchange of arguments provides unique depth to the debate

Professionalism is arguably more important in some occupations than in others. It is vital in some because of the life and death decisions that must be made, for example in medicine. In others the rapidly changing nature of the occupation makes efficient regulation difficult and so the professional behaviour of the practitioners is central to the good functioning of that occupation. The core idea behind this book is that Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is changing so quickly that professional behaviour of its practitioners is vital because regulation will always lag behind.

Although the Mycenaean civilization of the Greek Bronze Age was identified 150 years ago, its origins remain obscure. Jack L. Davis, codirector of excavations at the Palace of Nestor at Pylos, takes readers on a tour of the beginnings of Mycenaean civilization through a case study of this important site. In collaboration with codirector Sharon R. Stocker, Davis demonstrates that this ancient place was a major node for the exchange of ideas between the already established Minoan civilization, centered on the island of Crete, and the residents of the Greek mainland. Davis and Stocker show how adoption of Minoan culture created an ideology of power focused on a single individual, celebrating his military prowess, investing him with divine authority, and creating a figure instantly recognizable to readers of Homer and students of Greek history. A Greek State in Formation makes the powerful case that a knowledge of the Greek Bronze Age is indispensable to the classics curriculum. “This is a book to be read, not just consulted. Jack Davis is a masterly raconteur whose story simultaneously provides a wide-ranging and accessible guide to what archaeology is all about, a broad account of the Greek Bronze Age, and a detailed evocation of Bronze Age Pylos.” ROBIN OSBORNE, Professor of Ancient History, University of Cambridge “Accessibly written, this book will appeal to scholars of the ancient world and those with an interest in archaeology as a discipline, as well as anyone following the media exposure of the exciting new finds at Pylos.” KIM SHELTON, Associate Professor of Classics, University of California

This open access book is a proceeding of the International Conference on Urban Climate, Sustainability, and Urban Design in Mianyang (MYUCSUD). This work focuses on the latest thoughts, ideas, models, methods, solutions, and practices on urban climate mitigation and adaptation through sustainable planning and design, covering interdisciplinary topics in architecture, urban-rural planning, meteorology, building and construction engineering, material engineering, geographic sciences, public health, public administration, computer sciences, etc. This book can provide students and researchers from urban planning, urban design, urban meteorology, civil and construction engineering and urban governance with better understanding of urban climate sciences, innovative ideas, and tangible solutions.

This collection of essays by Arjun Appadurai based on his fieldwork in rural Maharashtra, India, in the early 1980s is one of the few anthropological treatments of agricultural reasoning. In conversation with agronomists, economists, and development anthropologists, the essays explore the ways agricultural technologies, changes in how surface wells are dug and managed, the provision and sharing of food and management of time, issues of scale in studying rural lives, and how local knowledge is formed and transformed reveal the distinctive character of rural Indian sociality. Locating these features in the context of “subsistence capitalism,” Appadurai draws our attention to the importance of relational practices and the pull of autonomy. These essays offer a close look at an agrarian society at the pivotal moment of its encounter with capitalist transformation and study ideas of measurement, sociality, and independence.

MUSINT is an interactive museological network devoted to the Tuscan archaeological collections which enables the creation of an innovative display itinerary through the collections of Aegean and Cypriot antiquities, so that exhibits originating from different museum institutions can be appreciated. This has led to the creation of a "museum of museums" which responds to the need to offer a display system that can be "visited" by a broad and variegated public. The arrangement of the book itself reflects the true nature of the MUSINT project and its character as a research worksite, enhanced by past experience, and a bridge for the appreciation of new perspectives within a scientific, technological and cultural universe that is open and in continual movement.

Interaktionsarbeit im Bereich personenbezogener (sozialer) Dienste ist von hohem Engagement, aber auch vielen Belastungen geprägt. Inkonsistente wohlfahrtsstaatliche Rahmenbedingungen sorgen systematisch für Spannungen, die das Personal strapazieren und vielfach in Zustände der Zerrissenheit führen. In Fallstudien aus der Altenpflege und der geförderten Weiterbildung demonstrieren die Autor*innen, dass Emotionen hierbei eine kritische Rolle spielen. Sie zeigen zudem, wie diese Zustände darauf einwirken, mit wem sich die Beschäftigten in welcher Weise verbunden fühlen und wie es um deren Widerstandsbereitschaft bestellt ist. Wie die bestehenden Verhältnisse sich ändern ließen, wird anhand sozialpolitischer Alternativen und Veränderungspotenziale durch neue Formen kollektiver Interessenvertretung diskutiert.

Über Jahrhunderte wurde unbefangen über Behinderungen gelacht. Erst im 18. Jahrhundert kommt es zu Einschränkungen und Verboten dieses Lachens. Bis Mitte der 1970er Jahre ist nicht Komik, sondern Mitleid prägend für den Umgang mit Behinderung. Heute ist es in bestimmten Kontexten, etwa Witzen und Cartoons, wieder erlaubt, sich über körperliche und kognitive Abweichungen zu amüsieren. Welche komischen Darstellungen von Behinderung sind für verschiedene Zeiten charakteristisch? Wie werden Lachanlässe und Lachverbote begründet? Anhand zahlreicher Quellen erforscht Claudia Gottwald komische Repräsentationen und ihre Diskurse und leistet damit einen Beitrag, die Kontingenz von Behinderung zu beleuchten.

Comprehensive research, undertaken by a multidisciplinary team from the University of Vienna between 1974 and 2001 in the Lower town of Velia, studied the evolution of the city walls in relation to the urban development of the Phocaean polis on the Tyrrhenian coast and provided new information on the development of the city mainly between the 5th and the 2nd c. BC. The contextualization and processing of the finds from these excavations (pottery, small finds and coins) allowed for a new, precise dating of the individual periods of the urban development, ultimately changing older approaches. Furthermore, it helped to reconstruct the development of local pottery production in a new, comprehensive way. By means of an innovative determination of production centers for imported ceramics, Velia's socio-economic relationships could be followed on both a regional and supraregional level.

In the 1960s, between the construction of the Berlin Wall (1961) and the change of power (Ulbricht / Honecker 1971), a field of tension between the claim to power and truth of the SED on one side and the subjective obstinacy of the works of art and their creators on the other hand developed. Within it, debates arose regarding the question of the design and appearance of a future, technologically high developed and scientific socialism. Working. Living. Computer tracks down questions about the appearance of the worker of the future, the future of living, and the significance of the computer in the future and analyses these imaginative worlds of socialist dreams and desires in image, architecture, and texts.

Shoe-last celts (Dechselklingen) are characteristic legacies of the -iddle European Old and Middle Neolithic. They are important sources of economic and social archaeological investigations. This requires the determination of the used raw materials and their origin. In recent years, extensive geochemical and petrographic investigations of interchangeable blades have been carried out. Within the scope of various projects, a database with geochemical analyses of wmuch more than 500 blades and raw material pieces has been created. The analyses were all generated by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (WD-RFA). The petrographic and geochemical examination was always accompanied by a sampling of the investigated pieces, which resulted in more or less severe damage to the artifacts. The portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (P-ED-RFA), which has recently been used in archaeometric ceramic analysis, can non-destructiveally determine the geochemical composition of vascular ceramics. In contrast to all the methods used so far, the sample does not have to be prepared in the laboratory, but can be carried out directly on site in a relatively short time. Thus, a time- and thus cost-effective procedure is available.

Last Year at Betty and Bob’s: A Novelty is the first in a series of novellas emerging from a writing practice that taps the cusp of consciousness between dreaming and waking. A storyline, or genealogy, tinted a shade of RGB blue, is fashioned by thinking through the felt unthought of this between space. A fabulation, an anarchive of what passes through. Lucid dreaming of this type is rife with allusions to conceptual and material goings-on, manifesting in awkward imaginaries. The dream personas are rendered as complex character amalgams with nomadic ages, sexes, genders and phenotypes. Occurrences of lived “fact” elide with a hallucinatory real as speculation. In A Novelty, Bette B, an ageing quasi-academic artist researcher, and BØB, attuned urban rodent, are palindromic variants of a generic cast of Betty’s and Bob’s. The happenstance of their meeting on the super slick POMOC (PostOffice MotionCorridor) affects a trans-special contagion. These are the facts of the matter. The matters that come to concern both B’s are more slippery and elusive.