Humanities & Social Sciences

Mathematische Bildung in der Grundschule ist eine herausfordernde und langfristige Aufgabe und unterliegt curricularen Wandlungen. Mit Fokus auf Erkenntnisse aus empirischen Forschungen werden im Rahmen von drei Hauptvorträgen aus verschiedenen Inhaltsperspektiven curriculare Wandlungen im Mathematikunterricht der Grundschule betrachtet und diskutiert. Zusätzlich setzten sich sieben Arbeitsgruppen mit den Themenfeldern ‚Arithmetik‘, ‚Geometrie‘, ‚Daten, Zufall und Wahrscheinlichkeit‘, ‚Kommunikation & Kooperation‘, ‚Lernen, Lehren und Forschen mit digitalen Medien‘, ‚Frühe mathematische Bildung‘ sowie ‚Lehrer:innenbildung‘ intensiv mit aktuellen Forschungs- und Praxisfragen auseinander. Die zentralen Inhalte der Arbeitsgruppen sind in diesem Band ebenfalls dokumentiert.

This open access book explores China's unique path to modernization, highlighting its journey from ancient civilization to modern society. It examines China's efforts from the mid-19th century's internal and external struggles to its contemporary economic achievements. The book covers historical, social, and economic aspects, emphasizing the balance between autonomous development and global integration. It explains how China has adapted and refined its modernization principles over time. The book is ideal for academics, researchers, and students in sociology, political science, and economics, as well as policymakers and professionals in international development. The content is accessible yet detailed, catering to both new and seasoned scholars. With insightful analysis and practical implications, the book is a significant contribution to the study of modernization and social development.

During the nineteenth century and into the early twentieth century, more Europeans visited the Middle East than ever before, as tourists, archaeologists, pilgrims, settler-colonists and soldiers. These visitors engaged with the Arabic language to differing degrees. While some were serious scholars of Classical Arabic, in the Orientalist mould, many did not learn the language at all. Between these two extremes lies a neglected group of language learners who wanted to learn enough everyday colloquial Arabic to get by. The needs of these learners were met by popular language books, which boasted that they could provide an easy route to fluency in a difficult language. Arabic Dialogues explores the motivations of Arabic learners and effectiveness of instructional materials, principally in Egypt and Palestine, by analysing a corpus of Arabic phrasebooks published in nine languages (English, French, German, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Yiddish, Hebrew, Russian) and in the territory of twenty-five modern countries. Beginning with Napoleon’s Expédition d’Égypte (1798–1801), it moves through the periods of mass tourism and European colonialism in the Middle East, concluding with the Second World War. The book also considers how Arab intellectuals understood the project of teaching Arabic to foreigners, the remarkable history of Arabic-learning among Yiddish- and Hebrew-speaking immigrants in Palestine, and the networks of language learners, teachers and plagiarists who produced these phrasebooks.

In a world where basic human rights are under attack and discrimination is widespread, Advancing Equality reminds us of the critical role of constitutions in creating and protecting equal rights. Combining a comparative analysis of equal rights in the constitutions of all 193 United Nations member countries with inspiring stories of activism and powerful court cases from around the globe, the book traces the trends in constitution drafting over the past half century and examines how stronger protections against discrimination have transformed lives. Looking at equal rights across gender, race and ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation and gender identity, disability, social class, and migration status, the authors uncover which groups are increasingly guaranteed equal rights in constitutions, whether or not these rights on paper have been translated into practice, and which nations lag behind. Serving as a comprehensive call to action for anyone who cares about their country’s future, Advancing Equality challenges us to remember how far we all still must go for equal rights for all.

This book presents new readings of D.H. Lawrence’s later novels from the perspective of established critical theory and contemporary thought: a specific critical theory or critical perspective is selected and applied to each novel in order to present particular interpretations of each. Although remaining faithful to one’s personal desires without being unduly concerned with the outside world is considered a Lawrentian virtue, I would like to show another Lawrence who was sensitive enough to the outside world and to the social discourses of his time to employ elements of them in his novels, although subtly, and with critical shifts and displacements. Lawrence is a writer who continually draws lines of flight to escape from capitalist societies that ascribe essential value and power to money.

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Available Open Access digitally under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. This book delves into the complex and controversial realm of fertility care. It analyses the clash between evidence-based medicine and market dynamics in fertility treatments, with a unique focus on "add-on" treatments. It reveals how these contentious treatment options are now common practice and how they lead to an emerging market for hope. With an interdisciplinary approach, this is an essential resource for readers in the fields of science and technology studies and medical sociology.

As part of the Ecophyto II+ plan, INRAE and Ifremer were in 2020 commissioned to conduct a collective scientific assessment of the impacts of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The results, released in May 2022, confirm that plant protection products contaminate all types of terrestrial and aquatic environments, all of their compartments and most of their organisms. Contamination varies according to the distance from the areas where the products are used, principally in agriculture. It causes direct and indirect impacts on ecosystems, notably the decline of populations of terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates and birds, and the loss of ecosystem functions and services. Different measures can help mitigate contamination and its impacts, with varying degrees of effectiveness depending on the particular combination of measures (regulations, conditions of use of products, etc.). This assessment identifies research needs, in particular to improve our understanding of dynamic phenomena in a context of multiple environmental stresses. It aims to characterise and predict impacts and to improve the procedures for assessing the risks associated with the use of plant protection products. This book is targeted at all stakeholders and decision-makers with an interest in the use of plant protection products, whether they are involved in the legal, political, industrial or non-profit sectors, or in research or teaching.

In this book Shepherd offers a perspective on the shape of agency by offering interlinked explanations of the basic building blocks of agency, as well as its exemplary instances. In the book’s first part, he offers accounts of phenomena that have long troubled philosophers of action: control over behavior, non-deviant causation, and intentional action. These accounts build on earlier work in the causalist tradition and undermine the claims of many that causalism cannot offer a satisfying account of non-deviant causation, and therefore intentional action. In the book’s second part, he turns to modes of agentive excellence—ways that agents display quality of form. He offers a novel account of skill, including an account of the ways that agents display more or less skill. He discusses the role of knowledge in skill and concludes that while knowledge is often important, it is inessential. This leads to a discussion of knowledge of action—of the way that knowledge of action and knowledge of how to act informs action execution. Shepherd argues that knowledgeable action includes a unique epistemic underpinning. For in knowledgeable action, the agent has authoritative knowledge of what she is doing and how she is doing it when and because she is poised to control her action by way of practical reasoning.

«It is better to debate a question without settling it than to settle a question without debating it», says a quote from Joseph Joubert. Debate is one of the most valued text genres and is therefore included in curricular or extracurricular academic activities. What do we teach by teaching how to debate? What do students learn by learning how to debate? They can compete, collaborate and might even develop a new skill. Since concrete educational choices reflect a certain underlying educational philosophy, in what follows the model proposed by Biesta (2010,2016,2017) will be illustrated. The theoretical knowledge drawn from this framework will then be applied to the analysis of the Oxford Debate, in the version adopted by the regulated debate tournaments in Poland as well as to the discussion of a modification of the Oxford Debate itself, inspired by the concept of 'risk of education' (or rather, 'The Beautiful risk of educatio', as the title of one of Biesta’s books reads).

This study is performed to evaluate the potential sources and seasonal variation of atmospheric mercury (Hg) emissions from regional sources and other influences in India. To achieve this, using the gold amalgam technique with an automated continuous mercury vapour analyzer (TekranTM 2537B). To assess the total gaseous mercury in high altitude mountain peak station at Kodaikanal & coastal/urban air in Chennai region, the impact of changing weather conditions is also evaluated. To compare the past and recent reports of mercury at different locations in the world. The average total gaseous mercury value in Chennai is 4.68 ng/m3, which is higher as compared to Kodaikanal, where it is 1.53 ng/m3. The association between TGM with meteorological parameters in ambient air such as temperature, relative humidity, rainfall intensity, the direction of wind and velocity of was studied. The TGM concentration in India are compared with other nations, the TGM levels are similar to the east and Southeast Asian countries, and also Europe, Sub-Saharan Africa and North America are the averages and maximum concentration generally smaller. This research will help to establish more effective management approaches to mitigate the impacts of atmospheric mercury on the rural and urban environment.

Contrary to the secularism thesis of the 20th century, religion did not disappear from the Western experience. Rather, religiosity took on new forms, which emphasized individuality, experientiality, and corporeality, and highlighted lifestyle consumption. These new spiritualities came to be understood as the opposite of religiosity: people identified themselves as being not religious, but spiritual. The book examines new spiritualities as a concept, a phenomenon, and a subject of research. It introduces the history of the concept and the different past approaches in the research field, and discusses the diversity of the phenomenon of new spiritualities, especially in 21st century Finland, through various case studies. The book shows the multiple ways in which new spiritualities intertwine with different sectors of the society and blur spirituality’s boundary with religion, health care, art, and popular culture, for example. The book is the first book-length presentation in Finnish of the field of new spiritualities.

Understanding the intersection between marine nature and culture is a basis for sustainable coastal development. In this frame the Carloforte tonnara, one of the last fixed Thunnus thynnus trap in the Mediterranean, represent a significant case study. Since until about thirty years ago the life of local community was closely linked to the fishing activities, but the evolution of the fish market at a global scale has radically interrupted it. In 2021 the author of this contribution created Tunèa1, an arts-based research in action project, aimed to re-create the lost relationship in new forms.

Women Judges in the Muslim World: A Comparative Study of Discourse and Practice offers a socio-legal account of public debates and judicial practices surrounding the performance of women as judges in eight Muslim-majority countries. Readership: Scholars, students, and practitioners interested in Law, Middle East Studies, Southeast Asia Studies, Gender, and Religious Studies will find this an indispensable resource.

Stürme über Europa" bietet eine Zusammenschau von ausgewählten frühneuzeitlichen Überlandstürmen in den Niederlanden und Österreich. Es werden neben einem neuen kulturhistorischen Ansatz auch meteorologische Grundbegriffe und Skalen zur Vermessung von Stürmen vorgestellt. Anhand zahlreicher - zum Teil bisher unveröffentlichter - schriftlicher und bildlicher Quellen wird analysiert, wie die Zeitgenossen schwere Stürme wahrgenommen, gedeutet, bewältigt und erinnert haben. Dabei werden auch zeitgenössische Gedichte und Zeichnungen von Sturmschäden kulturhistorisch ausgewertet.