Humanities & Social Sciences

When Ludwig Prandtl took up the Chair of Applied Mechanics at Göttingen University in 1904, the small university town became the cradle of modern fluid mechanics and aerodynamics. Not only did Prandtl found two research institutions of worldwide renown, the Aerodynamische Versuchsanstalt (AVA) and the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Strömungsforschung, but with the so-called ‘Göttingen School’ he also established an exceptionally fertile line of scientific thinking, unique for its special balance of intuition for physics and mathematical precision. The scientific methods developed by Prandtl and his pupils are manifested in numerous dissertations, monographs and textbooks that now rate as classics and hence belong to the fundamental works on fluid mechanics. Yet many of these publications have long been out of print and inaccessible for study. The series Göttinger Klassiker der Strömungsmechanik is thus making available selected publications that emerged from Ludwig Prandtl’s ‘Göttingen School’ or stand in a particular historical relationship to it. This highly personal biography of Ludwig Prandtl compiled by his daughter, Johanna Vogel-Prandtl, is complemented by numerous photographs depicting Prandtl’s working and private life. It completes the picture of the founding father of modern fluid mechanics whose scientific importance continues to resonate to this day.

This thesis addresses the topic of highly integrated vector network analysis. Due to its significant contribution to technological advances in the past and its presently high potential regarding instrumentation and biomedical sensing applications, the technique of network analysis plays a key role in microwave and wireless engineering. However, the application of network analyzers is frequently limited due to the size, weight and cost of the instruments. For this reason, the potential and feasibility of the VNA-on-chip is evaluated. Therefore, theoretical and practical studies were performed by means of narrow-band microwave reflectometers with different degrees of integration. After a successful proof of concept, a chipset dedicated to a highly integrated 4-32 GHz 2-port vector network analyzer is developed in silicon germanium (SiGe) technology. The chipset can be utilized for the implementation of a heterodyne network analyzer and features a stimulus signal generator with integrated switch and a four-channel receiver chip. In a further step, a fully integrated RF frontend is demonstrated, including on-chip directive elements. In combination with a modular hardware demonstrator, the assembly serves as a miniaturized 2-port vector network analyzer from 4 GHz to 32 GHz. The measured 2 x 2 S-matrices show an excellent agreement with the results obtained by commercial measurement equipment. The measurements are highly repeatable and the drift over time is negligible. Furthermore, highly integrated network analyzers were applied to biomedical scenarios. For this purpose, a reflection based analyzer with external probe as well as a transmission based one with an on-chip sensor are presented and compared to an alternative sensing system.

Bausteine einer Korpusgrammatik des Deutschen (“Building blocks towards a corpus grammar of German”) is a series presenting corpus linguistic studies on German grammar conducted at the Leibniz Institute for the German Language in Mannheim (IDS). Using state-of-the-art corpus linguistic methodology, the series aims to capture the diversity and variability of German grammar at a high resolution. At the same time, it aims to ensure the study results are verifiable. Issue by issue, the series will add “building blocks” for a new, consistently corpus-based grammar of German. In addition to the peer-reviewed texts, which are written in the style of grammar chapters, the series publishes the results of statistical analyses and, for selected topics, the underlying data sets.

The sixth part of this volume includes contributions that cover the years of our country's history ranging from the second half of the nineteenth century to the present day. In this period of time the first transition from the agricultural to the industrial economy occurred, which ended with the end of the Second World War and the promulgation of the Constitution of the "democratic republic founded on work". Therefore, the work of industrial society is definitively affirmed and developed, in which the idea of "necessary" work of the Constitution is confirmed and, starting from 1970, the idea contained in the Workers' Statute. Finally, starting from the 1980s, the period begins that sees the end of Fordism, when the ideas of work of industrial society enter into crisis under the pressure of globalization, the knowledge economy and the information technology, digital (AI) revolution, without arriving at a new idea of work and its relationship with life.

This open access book assesses the potential of data-driven methods in industrial process monitoring engineering. The process modeling, fault detection, classification, isolation, and reasoning are studied in detail. These methods can be used to improve the safety and reliability of industrial processes. Fault diagnosis, including fault detection and reasoning, has attracted engineers and scientists from various fields such as control, machinery, mathematics, and automation engineering. Combining the diagnosis algorithms and application cases, this book establishes a basic framework for this topic and implements various statistical analysis methods for process monitoring. This book is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students who are interested in fault diagnosis technology, researchers investigating automation and industrial security, professional practitioners and engineers working on engineering modeling and data processing applications. This is an open access book.

El presente volumen es fruto del trabajo de catorce lingüistas de la Universidad de Granada y supone una contribución fundamental al estudio sociolingüístico del español hablado en esta ciudad andaluza. Los trabajos, distribuidos en cuatro apartados (Fonética, Gramática, Léxico y Pragmática), están elaborados, bien sobre materiales orales de una muestra de hablantes representativa de la ciudad de Granada, recogidos de acuerdo con la metodología del proyecto PRESEEA, bien sobre muestras orales de inmigrantes residentes en Granada. El objetivo es doble: por un lado, ofrecer un panorama global de la distribución sociolingüística de diversos fenómenos en esta variedad urbana y, por otro lado, estudiar los procesos de acomodación a la norma urbana de inmigrados de otras comunidades de habla.

Several of the most known and discussed concepts of the digital age predated the digitalization itself and have been previously used in the “analogue times”. Other concepts were coined for the digital society but have transformed and are continuously transforming over time. This edited book selects some of these concepts and starts a time travel through their history, heritage, reinvention, and reinvestment in media and communication studies.

Talking Bodies IV: Rage and Care Against the Machine is a bold intervention against global antifeminism. In these open access contributions, scholars, artists and activists from around the world - with their specific embodied perspectives - expose systems of oppression they come up against with despair, fear, exhaustion and rage. Instead of fixing what’s trying to break them, they call out violent norms in order to make them assailable and ultimately overcome them. Emerging from a global community that first came together at Talking Bodies, an international, interdisciplinary project with a biennial conference, this new volume continues the ethos of this community, striving to improve equality and equity for different bodies, by exploring how we move through and negotiate with the world around us. The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by the Bloomsbury Open Collections Library Collective.

This book examines the prevalence of racism, xenophobia, antisemitism, and Islamophobia in European football. It provides critical assessments of selected policies, strategies, campaigns, and initiatives that have been developed by various stakeholders aimed at combating these discriminatory practices. Bringing together leading football researchers, this book opens with a discussion of the historical context for racism, xenophobia, antisemitism, and Islamophobia in European football and outlines the key terms and core concepts that frame the study of this topic. The book then offers ten in-depth case studies of European countries, including England, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Scotland, Spain, and Sweden. Each chapter describes and analyses the various manifestations of racism, xenophobia, antisemitism, and/or Islamophobia against the specific socio-historical, demographic, political, and cultural contexts of the country before engaging with the responses of selected stakeholders. The case studies are followed by a critical account of supra-national responses, including the involvement of UEFA, the European Union, the Council of Europe, and Football Against Racism in Europe (FARE). The book is rounded off by a cross-cultural, comparative analysis drawing out the key themes that define the problem of racism and discrimination in European football today. The most up-to-date study of one of football’s most disconcerting and enduring issues, this book is fascinating reading for any student, researcher, policymaker, or practitioner with interest in the sociology of sport, football and its fan cultures, issues of inclusion and exclusion in modern societies, European football, and the relationships between sport and wider society.

“The capable and competent pilot will never allow an airplane to crack up...” is an axiom from early flight training guidance, and to some extent still informs our perception of aviation safety. It established a linear, cause-and-effect model, which coincidentally fits nicely with the narrative mode of thought, telling a story that is comprehensible. The linear model is also convenient for much of historical and contemporary management theory, which is largely aimed at controlling information, managing stories and establishing certainty. In fact, aviation operations, technology and the operating environment are inherently complex, introducing persistent vulnerability. Not only will the pilot never see the accident coming that actually happens, but he or she will also never see all of the potential accidents that could have happened but did not. A different approach must be articulated. This approach utilizes strategy, prudence, mindfulness, and particularly the assertive protection of the margins to manage uncertainty, persistent vulnerability and ultimately facilitate a “dynamic non-event”.

An extraordinary court with late medieval roots in the activities of the king’s council, Star Chamber came into its own over the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, before being abolished in 1641 by members of parliament for what they deemed egregious abuses of royal power. Before its demise, the court heard a wide range of disputes in cases framed as fraud, libel, riot, and more. In so doing, it produced records of a sort that make its archive invaluable to many researchers today for insights into both the ordinary and extraordinary. The chapters gathered here explore what we can learn about the history of an age through both the practices of its courts and the disputes of the people who came before them. With Star Chamber, we view a court that came of age in an era of social, legal, religious, and political transformation, and one that left an exceptional wealth of documentation that will repay further study.

This open access book introduces readers to the craft of writing iconographic research poetry in a way that is scholarly, yet playful. By tracing the historical foundations of concrete and iconographic poetry, as well as the development of research poetry and poetic inquiry, the book examines the intellectual roots that inform this unique methodological approach. The book offers a detailed description of the methods that can be used to design iconographic research poetry. It includes step-by-step description of strategies that researchers can use to create iconographic research poetry from qualitative data. By explicating the processes by which data can be represented in the form of iconographic research poetry and offering exemplars, readers will find specific hands-on strategies for creating their own iconographic research poems. The book contains writing exercises designed to help aspiring iconographic research poets exercise their poetic imagination. It also provides qualitative research instructors with suggestions for integrating iconographic research poetry into the classroom.

This open access book takes a critical and international perspective to the mainstreaming of the Global Citizenship Concept and analyses the key issues regarding global citizenship education across the world. In that respect, it addresses a pressing need to provide further conceptual input and to open global citizenship agendas to diversity and indigeneity. Social and political changes brought by globalisation, migration and technological advances of the 21st century have generated a rise in the popularity of the utopian and philosophical idea of global citizenship. In response to the challenges of today’s globalised and interconnected world, such as inequality, human rights violations and poverty, global citizenship education has been invoked as a means of preparing youth for an inclusive and sustainable world. In recent years, the development of global citizenship education and the building of students’ global citizenship competencies have become a focal point in global agendas for education, international educational assessments and international organisations. However, the concept of global citizenship education still remains highly contested and subject to multiple interpretations, and its operationalisation in national educational policies proves to be challenging. This volume aims to contribute to the debate, question the relevancy of global citizenship education’s policy objectives and to enhance understanding of local perspectives, ideologies, conceptions and issues related to citizenship education on a local, national and global level. To this end, the book provides a comprehensive and geographically based overview of the challenges citizenship education faces in a rapidly changing global world through the lens of diversity and inclusiveness. ;

This collection brings together leading anthropologists, historians, philosophers, and artificial-intelligence researchers to discuss the sciences and mathematics used in various Eastern, Western, and Indigenous societies, both ancient and contemporary. The authors analyze prevailing assumptions about these societies and propose more faithful, sensitive analyses of their ontological views about reality—a step toward mutual understanding and translatability across cultures and research fields. Science in the Forest, Science in the Past is a pioneering interdisciplinary exploration that will challenge the way readers interested in sciences, mathematics, humanities, social research, computer sciences, and education think about deeply held notions of what constitutes reality, how it is apprehended, and how to investigate it.

Sechs Jahre lang wurde im Forschungs- und Entwicklungsprojekt "Potenziale entwickeln – Schulen stärken" analysiert, wie die Entwicklung von Schulen in herausfordernden Lagen unterstützt werden kann. Wie kann die Entwicklung von Schulen in herausfordernden Lagen unterstützt werden? Wie können ein datengestützter Ansatz und Netzwerkarbeit die Entwicklungskapazität dieser Schulen befördern? Diesen Fragen widmete sich das Forschungs- und Entwicklungsprojekt »Potenziale entwickeln – Schulen stärken« in der Metropolregion Ruhr über sechs Jahre mit verschiedenen methodischen Zugängen und mit einem breiten Schulentwicklungsansatz. Im Buch werden zentrale Befunde in der Gesamtschau zusammengefasst und im Hinblick auf Hinweise für Praxis, Bildungsadministration und Wissenschaft diskutiert.