Humanities & Social Sciences

Dieser Band wendet den ethnologischen Tabu-Begriff auf die eigene, abendländische Kultur und Gesellschaft an. Er erforscht die Produktion des Wissensfeldes »Geschlecht«. Aus der Perspektive verschiedener wissenschaftlicher Disziplinen wird untersucht, auf welche Weise Geschlecht und Sexualität in das Wissen von Wissenschaft, Fotografie, Film, Literatur, Kultur und Subkultur ein- oder explizit ausgeschlossen werden. Welcher »Wille« motiviert die Thematisierung von Geschlecht, welcher die Dethematisierung? Wie wird ein Tabu durch ein anderes ersetzt? Und aus welchem Grund kann Geschlecht zugleich ein Tabu und ein Feld des Wissens sein? Mit Beiträgen u.a. von Marie-Luise Angerer, Joan Cadden und Bettina Mathes.

Dynamical models of robots performing tasks in contact with objects or the environment are difficult to obtain. Therefore, different methods of learning the dynamics of tasks have been proposed. In this chapter, we present a method that provides the joint torques needed to execute a task in a compliant and at the same time accurate manner. The presented method of compliant movement primitives (CMPs), which consists of the task kinematical and dynamical trajectories, goes beyond mere reproduction of previously learned motions. Using statistical generalization, the method allows to generate new, previously untrained trajectories. Furthermore, the use of transition graphs allows us to combine parts of previously learned motions and thus generate new ones. In the chapter, we provide a brief overview of this research topic in the literature, followed by an in-depth explanation of the compliant movement primitives framework, with details on both statistical generalization and transition graphs. An extensive experimental evaluation demonstrates the applicability and the usefulness of the approach.

The design and operation of different supply chains and logistics networks is a significant part of today’s economy. Production and service companies and logistics service providers must improve their systems and processes to strengthen the value chain and support cost efficiency, availability, flexibility, efficiency, sustainability, and transparency. This book offers a selection of chapters that explain the different aspects of the design and operation of supply chain solutions. The book is designed to help students at all levels as well as managers and researchers to understand and appreciate the concept, design, and implementation of supply chain solutions.

This open access book provides an accessible insight into how to tackle corruption in organisations and institutions. It explains how to recognise and analyse corruption issues, together with knowledge and advice on how they can be avoided, prevented, or minimised. It also provides a framework through which readers can examine what strategies are available to tackle corruption issues, a rationale for how to prioritise strategies depending on circumstances and context, and guidance on how to critique various options. The book will appeal to professionals and practitioners, as well as academics interested in governance and corruption.

This essay-interview traces Annamaria Pagliaro’s contribution to cultural relationships, cultural and educational exchanges between Australia and Italy, particularly based on her work as Director of the Monash University Prato Centre (2005-2008).

Looking at the development of cultural identity in the global context, this text uses the approach of historical anthropology. It examines the way in which the West Indian Community of Nevis, has, since the 1600s, incorporated both African and European cultural elements into the framework of social life, to create an Afro-Caribbean culture that was distinctive and yet geographically unbounded - a "global culture". The book takes as its point of departure the processes of cultural interaction and reflectivity. It argues that the study of cultural continuity should be guided by the notion of cultural complexity involving the continuous constitution, development and assertion of culture. It emphasizes the interplay between local and global cultures, and examines the importance of cultural display for peoples who have experienced the process of socioeconomic marginalization in the Western world.

This open access book examines failures in contemporary academia, and especially the intersections between gender and academic failure. It argues that academic failure is political, and that seemingly personal failures to achieve a standard or expected academic career (tenure, funding, publications, etc.) should be understood in the context of institutional failures and systemic inequalities. Through theoretical discussions and/or personal reflections on their individual experiences of failure, contributors to the volume address how academic failure can illuminate, and sometimes subvert, the institutional barriers often faced by women and women-identifying scholars in the contemporary university. The collection is interdisciplinary, intersectional and international and covers topics such as Covid-19, precarity and job hunting, ethnic diversity, accounts of incomplete research, motherhood and disability within the academy. Contributors include established and emerging scholars in Australia, New Zealand, Spain, the UK and the USA. Conceived as scholarly activism, Women, 'Failure' and Academia aims to interrogate the future of universities and challenge perceptions of failure, especially with regard to women and women-identifying academics. The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by the Bloomsbury Open Collections Library Collective.

This evidence-based guide brings together a wide range of information and practical tools for midwives, obstetricians, nurses, health visitors and birthworkers, empowering them to provide safe and compassionate care throughout the reproductive journeys of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ+) people. This book may also be helpful to LGBTQ+ people in their own reproductive journeys. Throughout history, in cultures around the world, LGBTQ+ people have become pregnant, sought abortion care, miscarried, experienced infertility, given birth, and made decisions about infant feeding. Their reproductive journeys are increasingly visible, reflecting the changing social and legal recognition of sexual and gender minority people as parents. LGBTQ+ people require support during these significant life events which is appropriate, expert, and meets their needs. However, healthcare professionals and birthworkers may not always be confident in working with these clients and may lack understanding of LGBTQ+ clients’ experiences. There is also often insufficient attention paid to differences in the LGBTQ+ non-gestational parents' experiences. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, this book brings together up-to-date research findings from a range of fields including medicine, psychology, sociology, law and public health, to provide a knowledge base and tools to support clients at different stages of pregnancy and parenthood. The book follows the reproductive journey, moving from pre-conception and fertility research, through pregnancy and birth, to postnatal physical and mental healthcare. It also addresses termination care and perinatal loss. The chapters contain vignettes to personalise the issues discussed, highlights key practice recommendations, and suggestions for further reading. This is an essential guide for student midwives and medical students, as well as health visitors, midwives and obstetricians in practice. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

Modern science is defined on one hand as an autotelic pursuit of truth. On the other hand, it also keeps the practical benefit of new knowledge in its sights. David Kaldewey reconstructs the origin and significance of this dual goal by means of historical-sociological semantic analysis. He shows how both objectives condense among a variety of autonomy and practice discourses. The tension between these discourses reveals itself from a differentiation theoretical perspective as constitutive of the dynamics of modern science.

Obesity is a subcortical brain disease characterised by the pathognomonic symptoms of excessive hunger and/or reduced satiation after a meal. Distinct subtypes of obesity are recognised, although the rising incidence of polygenic obesity resulting from incompletely elucidated gene-environment interactions is of greatest public health concern. Obesity complications are well documented; their reversal with sustained intentional weight loss is a reason for optimism and motivation to seek treatments targeting pathophysiological mechanisms of obesity. Although lifestyle modification to achieve net energy deficit represents an important facet of obesity management, it is imperative to remember that hypothalamic dysfunction underpins this dysregulated state of energy metabolism and that solely appealing to patients’ cerebral cortices through motivational strategies will ultimately prove futile for many. Most patients will regain all the weight that they have lost if the treatment strategy does not make them less hungry and/or more satisfied with smaller meals (Dombrowski et al. 2014). Instead, we must expand our understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity and target our treatments to correct the subcortical brain disturbances which perpetuate aberrant feeding behaviours. Until our clinical tools improve, we can serve our patients better by recognising obesity as a disease and treating it with the same strategies and compassion we apply to all other chronic and disabling diseases.

Dem Titel „Schulpraxis – Entwickeln – Erforschen: Konzepte und Praxis entwicklungsorientierter Bildungsforschung“ folgend stellen die Autor:innen dieses Bandes verschiedene Ansätze sowie aktuelle Projekte vor und reflektieren diese mit Blick auf theoretische und methodologische Fragen an der Schnittstelle von Forschung und Entwicklung. Entwicklungsorientierte Bildungsforschung bewegt sich explizit im Grenzbereich zwischen Forschung und Entwicklung. Schulpraxis wird entwickelt und zugleich erforscht und die Entwicklung von Schulpraxis wiederum zum Gegenstand von Forschung gemacht. Das Spektrum der Forschungsformate umfasst u.a. fachdidaktische Entwicklungsforschung, Design-(Based-)Research, Lesson Study, Praxis- bzw. Aktionsforschung sowie wissenssoziologische Evaluationsforschung.

After the Mongol period, Persian was the official written language in Iran, Central Asia and India. A vast amount of documents relating to administration and social life were produced and yet, unlike Ottoman and Arabic documents, Persian historical resources have received very little critical attention. This book is the first to use Persian Documents as the sources of social history in Early Modern Iran and Central Asia. The contributors examine four distinct elements of the documents: * the formal aspects of the sources are initially inspected * the second part focuses on newly discovered sources * the most abundant documents of the period - waqf deeds - are individually studied In this way the reader is led to realize the importance of Persian documents in gaining an understanding of past urban and rural societies in the Middle East.

Volume 7 contains the biographies of Therese Studer (1862-1931), Fritz Gerlich (1883-1934), Max Josef Metzger (1887-1944), Maximilian Kaller (1880-1947), Franz Albert Kramer (1900-1950), Leo Wohleb (1888-1955), Josef Beyerle (1881-1963), Maria Probst (1902-1967), Gertrud von le Fort (1876-1971), Josef Kardinal Frings (1887-1978), Alfred Kardinal Bengsch (1921-1979), Hubert Jedin (1900-1980), Karl Rahner SJ (1904-1984), Alois Mertes (1921-1985), Franz Joser Strauß (1915-1988), Kurt Georg Kiesinger (1904-1988), Heinrich Krone (1895-1989), Oswald von Nell-Breuning SJ (1890-1991).

In un mondo in cui tecnologia e giustizia si intersecano, comprendere le DEL SEGNALE AUDIO E PSICOACUSTICA sfumature dell'analisi audio forense non è mai stato così cruciale. Questo libro offre un'esplorazione approfondita del settore, in maniera transdisciplinare collegando linguistica e ingegneria in un'analisi completa che collega le basi teoriche alle applicazioni pratiche. Attraverso un approccio strutturato e metodico, vengono presentati i temi chiave come l'autenticazione vocale, il miglioramento dell'audio e la variabilità linguistica della voce, rivelando schemi e tecniche fondamentali che modellano le indagini forensi. Applicando le nozioni teoriche a casi di studio concreti, le autrici guidano il lettore attraverso il complesso mondo dell’analisi audio forense. Partendo dalle basi teoriche in diversi settori, questo libro invita alla riflessione sulle più ampie implicazioni dell'audio forense, sulla sua rilevanza nei contesti legali e sul suo ruolo nelle moderne indagini.

Religious Responses to Pandemics and Crises explores various dimensions of the interrelations between the individual, community, and religion. With their global scope, the contributions to this volume represent reflections on the rich and multifaceted spectrum of human responses in a variety of different religions and cultures to the current SARS-2-COVID-19 pandemic and similar crises in the past. The contributions are organized in three thematic parts focusing on strategies, rituals, and past and present responses to pandemics and crises. They reflect on the intersection of personal or communal responses and state-mandated policies relative to SARS-2-COVID-19 while outlining different strategies to cope with the pandemic crisis. Timely questions explored include: How do individuals connect with or disconnect from religious and spiritual communities during times of personal and collective crises, including pandemics? How do religious practices such as rituals bridge individuals and communities? How do religious texts from past and present highlight and represent crises and pandemics? Dynamic and multidisciplinary in its inquiry, this volume is an outstanding resource for scholars of religion, theology, anthropology, social sciences, ritual theory, sex and gender studies, and contemporary medical science.