Humanities & Social Sciences

Sterbende Dörfer, Verödung und Niedergang: In Wissenschaft und Medien stehen ländliche Räume häufig für Orte des Mangels und der Benachteiligung. Zugleich bringen utopisch anmutende Vorstellungen und Bilder des Lebens auf dem Land so viel Glanz mit sich, dass sie in Werbung und Kultur sowie in den Wünschen und Orientierungen vieler Menschen Anklang finden. Die Beiträger*innen gehen aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven diesem utopischen Glanz nach. Sie fragen, inwiefern »Utopien des Ländlichen« ein Zugang sein können, um Vorstellungen eines gelingenden gesellschaftlichen Zusammenlebens zu entwickeln und zu erproben - und welche konkreten Forderungen für die Regionalentwicklung und -politik damit verbunden sind.

Researchers navigate dynamic transitions throughout their careers, moving between roles, institutions, countries, and career stages while assuming leadership positions. These transitions reflect the evolving nature of researcher education and careers across a constantly changing academic landscape. This book explores these movements through a synthesis of literature reviews, theoretical explorations, and empirical studies from institutional policy, local practice, and individual perspectives. Organised into three themes: 'The Evolving Scholarly Community', 'Contextual Transitions', and 'Career-Point Transitions', the book critically examines established concepts while introducing fresh perspectives, such as ethics leadership and the role of artificial intelligence in researcher education. It highlights the growing relationship between researchers, institutions, and societal bodies, while addressing the implications of increased mobility across national, cultural, and disciplinary contexts. Chapters span topics from PhD education to post-PhD careers and mid-to-late career transitions, showcasing a rich methodological scope and diverse theoretical approaches. Offering valuable insights for those studying or navigating transitions from early to late career stages, this is an essential resource for researchers, educators, and policymakers interested in the complexities of researcher education and career transitions.

Hydropower plants delay or even hinder downstream fish migration in river systems without any solutions for fish protection and downstream passage. In contrast to upstream passage fishways, the development and dimensioning of efficient downstream passage fishways for native, potamodromous species are still a great challenge due to a lack of knowledge. This particularly concerns applications at medium and large scale hydropower plants, where the commonly recommended technical solutions like physical barriers (guidance screens with horizontal or vertical bars) are not practicable due to operational issues. Further, there is still a lack of research about downstream passage behavior in general and the biological efficiency of fish protection and guidance structures, particularly of the dominant fish species in Austrian river regions. This Ph.D. thesis deals about an innovative fish protection and guidance system, the Flexible Fish Fence.

Alle, die sich mit der Geschichte der Professionalisierung der Erwachsenen- und Weiterbildung in Wissenschaft und Praxis befassen, treffen früher oder später auf Hans Tietgens. Er hat die institutionalisierte Erwachsenenbildung maßgeblich geprägt und gilt noch heute als ihr Vordenker. Welche aktuelle Bedeutung haben seine gut 50 Jahre alten Texte über das Unterrichten von und Lernen mit Erwachsenen? Wiltrud Gieseke und Bernd Käpplinger sprechen mit jüngeren Menschen aus Wissenschaft und Praxis der Erwachsenenbildung über Texte von Tietgens. In den Dialogen entstehen gemeinsame Suchbewegungen, um die historische Dimension der Texte für die Gegenwart zu erschließen.

The connection between war and cash payments (gold/silver) has long been a staple of military history: a largely self-contained field that has stood apart from monetary history. The present essay examines the use of alternate currencies to compensate soldiers for war in trecento Italy during the era of costly mercenaries (“the age of the companies of adventures”) and the so-called bullion crisis. The paper investigates the recourse to in kind payments (horses, grain, utensils, ceremonial armor, cloth, land) and to bills of exchange, letters of payment and paper instruments. The use of paper is noteworthy, counterintuitive and the worthy of further research that includes consideration of the use of notarial documents, apodisse and bollette, in payments to soldiers. The broad aim of the paper is to bring together more closely study of the economy of war with monetary history and economic history more generally.

Sugar beet has entered the age of liberalism with the abolition of production quotas in Europe. It finds itself on the world market and on an equal footing with sugar cane. France has benefited from the “AKER - Sugar beet 2020, a competitive innovation” Investments for the Future Programme, which aims to double the annual growth rate of the sugar yield per hectare of beet. It has made a scientific breakthrough by researching all of the genetic diversity available worldwide, and by carrying out genotyping before phenotyping. It is developing new genetic material, available for introduction into future sugar beet varieties. It also offers innovative tools and methods in the fields of genotyping and phenotyping, supporting players in the sector - beet growers and sugar manufacturers - in their imperative improvement in competitiveness. This book is mainly intended for scientists and professionals, and all those interested in research, development and training in the plant sector. It has just completed eight years of multidisciplinary work bringing together a hundred scientists. The AKER programme puts for a long time sugar beet in the top tier of cultivated species and helps to provide the consumer with quality sugar produced locally and under environmentally friendly conditions.

This volume, which supplements the main chronological series of The Correspondence of Jeremy Bentham , contains 252 letters written to and from Jeremy Bentham, 19 letters written to and from individuals other than Bentham but containing material of biographical interest, and the will made by Bentham on 17 August 1785. The letters have either never before been published or been only partially published in previous volumes of The Correspondence . A large number of the letters were written by Bentham’s brother Samuel on his journey to Russia and during his sojourn in Russia, covering the years 1779 to 1791. This meticulously researched and richly annotated volume contains much new information of biographical interest and deepens our knowledge of Bentham’s relationship with his family, with the panopticon penitentiary scheme, and with such ‘disciples’ as Étienne Dumont, Henry Bickersteth, and Leicester Stanhope. Of particular interest will be correspondence with Prince Grigory Alexandrovich Potemkin, Sir Samuel Romilly, Jacques Pierre Brissot de Warville, and John Quincy Adams.

This French EPPO/OLAF volume provides an overview of French and European Union law, with particular attention paid to the European Public Prosecutor's Office and the Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) as well as the investigative missions of its national partners. Union law and French law are the main topics of the first part of the volume, while OLAF's investigations are the subject of the second part. Each section is preceded by an introduction. A synopsis of the French EPPO Adoption Act (LOI n° 2020-1672 du 24 décembre 2020 relative au Parquet européen, à la justice environnementale et à la justice pénale spécialisée –) is also included. This volume is written in English and contains footnotes that reproduce the original French legislation. It also contains symbols for further information and quick reference for academics, students, practitioners and other interested readers. Dr Hélène Christodoulou acted as the national expert for this volume.

Bring on the Books for Everybody is an engaging assessment of the robust popular literary culture that has developed in the United States during the past two decades. Jim Collins describes how a once solitary and print-based experience has become an exuberantly social activity, enjoyed as much on the screen as on the page. Fueled by Oprah’s Book Club, Miramax film adaptations, superstore bookshops, and new technologies such as the Kindle digital reader, literary fiction has been transformed into best-selling, high-concept entertainment. Collins highlights the infrastructural and cultural changes that have given rise to a flourishing reading public at a time when the future of the book has been called into question. Book reading, he claims, has not become obsolete; it has become integrated into popular visual media.Collins explores how digital technologies and the convergence of literary, visual, and consumer cultures have changed what counts as a “literary experience” in phenomena ranging from lush film adaptations such as The English Patient and Shakespeare in Love to the customer communities at Amazon. Central to Collins’s analysis and, he argues, to contemporary literary culture, is the notion that refined taste is now easily acquired; it is just a matter of knowing where to access it and whose advice to trust. Using recent novels, he shows that the redefined literary landscape has affected not just how books are being read, but also what sort of novels are being written for these passionate readers. Collins connects literary bestsellers from The Jane Austen Book Club and Literacy and Longing in L.A. to Saturday and The Line of Beauty, highlighting their depictions of fictional worlds filled with avid readers and their equations of reading with cultivated consumer taste.

Eschatology and mission relate to some of the most important theological aspects. It is obvious that, presently, the theological discussion about eschatology raises new questions concerning its place regarding the implications for mission. Without a clear understanding of eschatology, missiology is unable to answer the questions of the world in which it finds itself at the moment.

The Metric Epistles of Albertino Mussato (1261-1329) are a collection of 20 compositions in Latin verse (of which, 12 in elegiac couplets, 8 in hexameters, for a total of 1,570 verses) composed between 1309 and 1326 and addressed to different recipients. The list of recipients includes friends of the author and representatives of the Paduan political and intellectual élite of the early 14th century such as the judges Rolando da Piazzola, Giovanni da Vigonza and Paolo da Teolo, the notary Zambono d’Andrea and Marsilio Mainardini; masters of grammar and rhetoric such as the Venetian Giovanni Cassio, Bonincontro from Mantua and Guizzardo from Bologna; religious personalities such as the Dominican friars Benedetto and Giovannino da Mantova, respectively lecturer and professor of theology at the Studium Generale of the convent of S. Agostino in Padua; collective recipients, such as the College of Artists and fellow citizens of Padua. After an editio princeps was printed in Venice in 1636 on the basis of a now lost manuscript, a critical edition of the Epistles is published here for the first time, including the complete corpus of the texts in the light of their entire manuscript tradition. The texts are accompanied by an Italian translation and a detailed commentary, which mainly aims to bring to light and analyse the dense intertextuality of Mussato’s poem (in particular classical Latin sources), reconsidering the cultural background of the author and his contemporaries in the context of the so-called ‘Paduan prehumanism’ and an ideal dialogue with Dante’s coeval biographical and literary experiences.

Approaches to the new realities of social media and their interaction with audiences in Latin America

Behavior is an important category in the life sciences. It is central to all negotiations of human-animal relationships and is present in both science and scholarship, and the popular media. Understanding the historical paths and the political dimensions of behavior research cannot just be a task for biology. An interdisciplinary historicization of the concept is required, which this volume provides for the first time.

Wie beeinflussen Religionen die soziale Stellung von Personen? Ramona Jelinek-Menke führt das Konzept der »Dis/ability« aus den Disability Studies erstmals in die deutschsprachige Religionswissenschaft ein und macht es für Analysen der Interdependenz zwischen Religion und Inklusion nutzbar. Gleichzeitig zeigt sie, wie unter dem Eindruck von Marginalisierung religiöse Vorstellungen, Praktiken und Institutionen gestaltet werden. Damit erschließt sich nicht nur ein neues Forschungsfeld für die Religionswissenschaft, sondern es wird auch die Aufmerksamkeit auf eine sozialwissenschaftlich und gesellschaftlich unterrepräsentierte Gruppe gelenkt.

For centuries, the Mosque of Eyüp Sultan has been one of Istanbul’s most important pilgrimage destinations, in large part because of the figure buried in the tomb at its center: Halid bin Zeyd Ebû Eyûb el-Ensârî, a Companion of the Prophet Muhammad. Timur Hammond argues here, however, that making a geography of Islam involves considerably more. Following practices of storytelling and building projects from the final years of the Ottoman Empire to the early 2010s, Placing Islam shows how different individuals and groups articulated connections among people, places, traditions, and histories to make a place that is paradoxically defined by both powerful continuities and dynamic relationships to the city and wider world. This book provides a rich account of urban religion in Istanbul, offering a key opportunity to reconsider how we understand the changing cultures of Islam in Turkey and beyond. “Timur Hammond’s reimagining of Eyüp is lively and erudite, bringing readers a fresh understanding of the spaces and tempos in Istanbul as a place of Islam. The result is thrilling: a story of Islam and placemaking that is at once intricately grounded and expansively illuminating.” — ANNA J. SECOR, Professor of Geography, Durham University “An impressive ethnographic and textual work. Hammond provides new insight into the inner workings of a sacred site and pilgrimage center, making this a valuable contribution to the literature on urban anthropology and lived Islam.” — M. BRETT WILSON, Director of the Center for Eastern Mediterranean Studies and Associate Professor of History and Public Policy at Central European University"