Humanities & Social Sciences

Debates about the legitimacy and ‘essence’ of political rule and the search for ‘ideal’ forms of government have been at the very heart of political thought ever since its beginnings in the Ancient World. Caesarism in the Post-Revolutionary Age explores the complex relationship between democracy and dictatorship from the 18th century onwards. More concretely, it assesses how, during the post-revolutionary period, democracy emerged as something compatible with dictatorship, both on the level of political thought and practice.

Heroisierungen und Heroismen folgen über Zeiten und Räume hinweg ähnlichen Prinzipien. Das »Prinzip Held*« lässt sich durch Bausteine verstehen, die im Spiel sind, wenn es um Heldinnen und Helden geht. Held*innen gibt es nur, wenn von ihnen berichtet wird. Das heißt: Jede heroische Figur entsteht erst durch diejenigen, die sie verehren. Erzählungen von Held*innen verfolgen eine Absicht, sind veränderbar, werden gemeinschaftlich geteilt und wirken nach außen hin abgrenzend. Heroismen steigern Heroisierungen zu gemeinschaftlichen Verhaltensmustern. Wer warum, durch wen und zu welchem Zweck heroisiert wird, kann verschieden sein. Doch die Prinzipien von Heroisierung und Heroismen sind immer gleich. Über gesellschaftliche und politische Kontexte hinweg lässt sich das »Prinzip Held*« anhand von neun Bausteinen beschreiben. Die hier versammelten Beiträge rücken das analytische Potenzial dieser Bausteine in den Mittelpunkt. Mit dem Essayband und der Ausstellung »Prinzip Held*«, die er begleitet, hat der DFG-Sonderforschungsbereich 948 »Helden – Heroisierungen – Heroismen« der Universität Freiburg seine wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse in eine neue Form der Wissenschaftskommunikation übertragen. Der Essayband spiegelt den interdisziplinären Ansatz der zwölfjährigen Forschung des DFG-Sonderforschungsbereichs 948 »Helden – Heroiserungen – Heroismen. Transformationen und Konjunkturen von der Antike bis zur Moderne« an der Universität Freiburg.

"Research on age(ing) and work often draws upon lifespan development perspectives to explain how adults “age successfully,” managing developmental gains and losses and maintaining well-being and functioning over time. There are a multitude of similar theories to consider to this end, which is both a blessing and a curse for researchers. In this chapter, we introduce a conceptual integration of predominant lifespan theories used in work and aging research, organized in terms of overlapping mechanisms, predictions, and guiding principles. Then, we present the specific aspects and core characteristics of commonly used lifespan development theories, particularly those related to our integration. We conclude with recommendations for applying our integration to new research areas and approaches in the work context, highlighting the ways in which more synthesis and codification can mutually improve the study of age(ing) and work. "

Discouraged by widespread unemployment and alarmed by anti-Mexican sentiment, nearly five hundred thousand Mexican Americans returned to Mexico between 1929 and 1939. Historian Abraham Hoffman captures the despair of these thousands of people of Mexican descent—including those with U.S. citizenship—who were actively coerced into leaving the country. Prior to 1931, many Mexican Americans left the United States voluntarily, prompted by homesickness, unemployment, and the Mexican government’s offer of free small land parcels. As the Great Depression deepened, repatriation pressures increased. Anglo groups lobbied for laws that excluded aliens from jobs and welfare benefits. Many businessmen, government officials, and social workers believed that removing Mexican Americans would open up jobs for U.S. citizens and alleviate some of the burden placed on relief agencies. The Department of Labor’s federal deportation drive, launched in 1931, created an atmosphere of fear and tension in Mexican American communities. Immigration agents conducted surprise searches for people who had entered the country illegally, and Mexicans who had crossed the border before restrictive legislation was passed became prime targets of the deportation campaign. Welfare agencies throughout the United States organized repatriation programs. The Los Angeles County Welfare Bureau, with the most extensive program, was responsible for the removal of more than thirteen thousand Mexican Americans. A few well-publicized deportations had frightened Mexicans who were unsure of their immigration status. Many chose repatriation over possible deportation. Using much archival material and many previously unpublished government documents, Hoffman focuses on the repatriation experience in Los Angeles. The city’s large Mexican American population provides an excellent case study of the entire movement. He also surveys the process of Mexican repatriation throughout the entire United States.

The second decade of the twenty-first century has witnessed a surging interest in personalized medicine with the concomitant promise to enable more precise diagnosis and treatment of disease and illness, based upon an individual’s unique genetic makeup. In this book, my goal is to contribute to a growing body of literature on personalized medicine by tracing and analyzing how this field has blossomed in Asia. In so doing, I aim to illustrate how various social and economic forces shape the co-production of science and social order in global contexts. This book shows that there are inextricable transnational linkages between developing and developed countries and also provides a theoretically guided and empirically grounded understanding of the formation and usage of particular racial and ethnic human taxonomies in local, national and transnational settings. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/doi/view/10.4324/9781315537177 has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

The European Investment Bank is the world’s biggest multilateral investor. This report lays out the EU bank’s priorities and details its investments in the projects that support those policy goals. The European Investment Bank devotes more than half its financing to climate action and environmental sustainability. The Bank aims to support the transition to renewable energy sources such as geothermal, hydroelectric, and wind power. Despite challenging investment conditions in the European Union, the European Investment Bank supports firms in their transitions to a greener economy and in addressing climate change. The report provides a breakdown of the European Investment Bank’s finance contracts signed within the European Union and beyond it, as well as information on financing and borrowing activities.

This open access book brings together researchers from a variety of disciplines to explore science, technology, and innovation cooperation between China and African countries by using different perspectives. The growing economic, technological, and scientific cooperation between Africa and China provides opportunities to jointly develop mechanisms to provide a skill base from discovery to creativity, invention, innovation, entrepreneurship and implementation for the benefit of both Africa and China. This book makes a significant contribution to the knowledge imagination understanding of the different dimensions of China-Africa STI cooperation and can reach out to all stakeholders with evidence-based research.

Language Shattered is both a history of poetry from the People's Republic of China and a case study of the oeuvre of a leading Chinese poet. After the stifling orthodoxy of the 1950s and early 1960s, the terror of the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) brought official Chinese literature to a total standstill. At the same time, disillusioned youths were more or less accidentally exposed to a varied body of foreign literature and began writing underground poetry. In the 1980s this poetry scene, now above ground, became one of pluriformity and proliferation in both official and unofficial circuits. The brutal suppression of the 1989 Protest Movement gave it an exile offshoot. The historical overview in Part I of this book is complemented in Part II by a discussion of Duoduo's poetry. Duoduo's career as a poet reflects the vicissitudes of Chinese Experimental poetry - and his beautiful, headstrong poems merit attention in themselves. They show that Chinese poetry is not just of interest as a chronicle of Chinese politics, but as literature in its own right.

Starting with the most recent theoretical studies in the Anglo-Saxon world on relationships between Sound and Literature, this essay reconstructs the presence and function of the phonic corpus (music, nursery rhymes, jingles, noises, etc.) in Luigi Meneghello’s novel Libera nos a malo.

In From Grain to Pixel, Giovanna Fossati analyzes the transition from analog to digital film and its profound effects on filmmaking and film archiving. Reflecting on the theoretical conceptualization of the medium itself, Fossati poses significant questions about the status of physical film and the practice of its archival preservation, restoration, and presentation. From Grain to Pixel attempts to bridge the fields of film archiving and academic research by addressing the discourse on film's ontology and analyzing how different interpretations of what film is affect the role and practices of film archives. By proposing a novel theorization of film archival practice, Fossati aims to stimulate a renewed dialogue between film scholars and film archivists. Almost a decade after its first publication, this revised edition covers the latest developments in the field. Besides a new general introduction, a new conclusion, and extensive updates to each chapter, a novel theoretical framework and an additional case study have been included.

In diesem Open-Access-Buch stehen Pflegefachpersonen im Zentrum, die zugleich pflegende Angehörige sind. Als professionell Pflegende verfügen sie über Fachwissen, pflegefachliche Kompetenzen und Kenntnisse zum Versorgungssystem. Als pflegende Angehörige sind sie persönlich betroffen. Die qualitative Studie fokussiert auf das Erleben der Doppelrolle als beruflich Pflegende und zugleich pflegende Angehörige. Sind dies ‚zwei Paar Schuhe‘? Ausgehend von einer Literaturrecherche und der Sekundäranalyse von Interviewdaten wurden episodische Interviews mit 15 Interviewpartner*innen geführt. Die Datenanalyse verdeutlicht ihre Aufgaben im Krankheitsverlauf, welche Entwicklungen sie durchlaufen und ihre Erfahrungen in der Doppelrolle. Die Studie zeigt, dass die Befragten über ein Repertoire von Handlungsoptionen verfügen, die sie im Umgang mit Fachpersonen der Gesundheitsversorgung nutzen. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse werden in einem Modell gebündelt, das ihre Positionierung als pflegende Angehörige und zugleich Pflegefachperson im Versorgungskontext veranschaulicht.

A proteoform is the basic unit in a proteome, defined as its amino acid sequence + post-translational modifications + spatial conformation + localization + cofactors + binding partners + a function, which is the final functional performer of a gene. Studies on proteoforms offer in-depth insights and can lead to the discovery of reliable biomarkers and therapeutic targets for effective prediction, diagnosis, prognostic assessment, and therapy of disease. This book focuses on the concept, study, and applications of proteoforms. Chapters cover such topics as methodologies for identifying and preparing proteoforms, proteoform pattern alteration in pituitary adenomas, and proteoforms in leukemia.

Double-talented artists were particularly numerous during the period of expressionism, which was characterized by political and radical social changes. The book presented offers informations about the artists’ motivations and focuses on two excellent examples of artistic double-talent - Oskar Kokoschka, the founder of drama expressionism and Ludwig Meidner, highly praised for his apocalyptic landscapes. The interdisciplinary comparison of paintings and graphics with the dramas, poems and prose texts written by the artists allows offers valuable insights into their entire expressionistic oevre and, at the same time, a closer understanding of the relationship between art and literature.

This book combines two closely related research interests that have not yet received sufficient recognition: The investigation of justice in the Hebrew Bible and the position of male and female slaves within it. Justice in the ancient Near East and in the Old Testament is of a transcendent quality that precedes God and humans alike. In this worldview, the link between act and consequence is constitutive, but slaves are excluded as mere property.

In The Dilemma of Context, Scharfstein contends that the problems encountered with context are insoluble. He explains why this problem lays an intellectual burden on us that, while remaining inescapable, can become so heavy it destroys the understanding it was created to further.