Humanities & Social Sciences

Martial Arts and Well-Being explores how martial arts as a source of learning can contribute in important ways to health and well-being, as well as provide other broader social benefits. Using psychological and sociological theory related to behaviour, ritual, perception and reality construction, the book seeks to illustrate, with empirical data, how individuals make sense of and perceive the value of martial arts in their lives. This book draws on data from over 500 people, across all age ranges, and powerfully demonstrates that participating in martial arts can have a profound influence on the construction of behaviour patterns that are directly linked to lifestyle and health. Making individual connections regarding the benefits of practice, improvements to health and well-being – regardless of whether these improvements are ‘true’ in a medical sense – this book offers an important and original window into the importance of beliefs to health and well-being as well as the value of thinking about education as a process of life-long learning. This bookwill be of great interest to a range of audiences, including researchers, academics and postgraduate students interested in sports and exercise psychology, martial art studies and health and well-being. It should also be of interest to sociologists, social workers and martial arts practitioners. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/doi/view/10.4324/9781315448084, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

The Herculaneum Papyri comprise the only surviving library of antiquity. In recent years, innovative technologies and new philological methods have effectively revolutionized research. Characters that were previously invisible are now emerging, and it will soon be possible to unroll complete rolls virtually. This book provides the first German introduction to the Herculaneum papyri and the potential of new imaging methods.

The essays of the book are contributions to the game theoretic analysis of the State. Two of the essays develop further the analysis of political accountability. Political accountability is the study of how the behavior of politicians is shaped by the prospect of reelections. The essays in this book enrich this field by introducing aspects of coalition government and ideology. A third essay focuses on strategic behavior by states in repeated tax competition. The contribution of this essay is the reevaluation of a lower bound to admissible taxrates as a policy instrument to contain tax competition.

Der Band bietet zwei Zugänge zur Literatur der Shoah: Er widmet sich einzelnen Autoren und neuen Forschungsperspektiven. Mit H. G. Adler und Thomas Harlan stellt er zunächst zwei wenig beachtete Schriftsteller vor. Von Adler, einem Überlebenden der Shoah aus Prag, sind noch immer nicht alle Werke publiziert – darunter eine bedeutende Korrespondenz aus der Nachkriegszeit. Harlan setzte sich zeitlebens mit dem Genozid an den europäischen Juden auseinander – nicht zuletzt, weil sein Vater, Veit Harlan, den Massenmord durch seine Filme ideologisch vorbereitet hatte. Intensiv diskutiert wurde dagegen über Peter Weiss’ spätes Hauptwerk Die Ästhetik des Widerstands. Unter dem Aspekt der Ko-Erinnerung an die Shoah wird es neu perspektiviert. Der zweite Schwerpunkt entwirft und vertieft neue theoretische Orientierungen der Holocaust Studies. Mit Hilfe von Konzepten wie Ko-Erinnerung, Tabu und Transnationalität tragen die Studien zur Neuvermessung des Forschungsgebiets bei. Neben dem Stellenwert der Übersetzungen für die Rezeption der Shoah-Literatur in Deutschland wird auch der konstitutiv transnationale Charakter dieser Literatur herausgearbeitet. Ein grundsätzlicher Blick auf den Zusammenhang von Sprache und Diktatur beschließt den Band.

Translating neuroscientific, neurological, and psychiatric research into effective therapies remains a major challenge for both academic researchers and industry experts. This open access volume reviews the progress achieved over the past decade and provides an outlook on emerging concepts, technologies, and diverse therapeutic modalities. The book brings together leading experts to review and discuss the current state of translational neuroscience, spanning recent discoveries in the underlying mechanisms, cutting‑edge technologies, advances in therapeutic development, and the application of artificial intelligence. The first section focuses on key challenges in translational psychiatry, with dedicated chapters on autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, and novel treatment approaches, including neuromodulation and psychedelics, as well as an overview of patient stratification strategies in psychiatry. Additional chapters provide a comprehensive review of translating research in Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease into the clinics. The volume concludes with an extensive section highlighting innovative strategies, novel model systems, and AI‑based approaches to advance translational research for neurological disorders. This up‑to‑date reference not only summarizes the current understanding and therapeutic landscape for major neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases but also highlights future directions and emerging opportunities in translational neuroscience. We expect that it will encourage others to embark on the arduous but rewarding path towards new medicines and therapies for patients with neurological or psychiatric conditions. “A rather comprehensive volume on recent advances in translational neuroscience that have (and will) meaningfully impact on the treatment landscape for the major neuropsychiatric disorders. The authors have done a masterful job at bridging recent basic neuroscience findings as they apply to fundamental disease biology, identifying both gaps in current knowledge and major advances …. and nicely capturing how such information is being effectively “translated“ to new and improved and more “precise“ treatments The volume is both sobering and inspiring, underscoring the challenges and opportunities of this important scientific discipline, and is a must read for those interested in better understanding some of the most common and disabling of all brain disorders”. Steve Paul, MD Washington University of St. Louis School of Medicine. “This book offers a comprehensive and engaging account of modern translational neuroscience, spanning molecular mechanisms to therapeutic possibilities, with a rare breadth across psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders”. Tony Wyss-Coray, PhD, Stanford University . “This is an interdisciplinary, timely and inspiring book, a thoughtful synthesis by the authors. As they describe with compassion and compelling examples, brain disorders that emerge during childhood or aging pose formidable personal, medical and socioeconomic problems. Fortunately, as also effectively highlighted in this book, there is good reason for hope: new insights into disease mechanisms are being gained at an unprecedented pace, and several of those insights will likely enable the development of better therapeutic strategies, which are awaited so very urgently by patients, families and physicians alike”. Lennart Mucke, MD, University of California .

For a long time, historical educational research has seen a decline in its representation in university teaching and academic posts. Concurrently, its thematic and methodological variation has expanded impressively in the last two decades. This volume, dedicated to Edith Glaser, aims to enrich the legitimacy discourse on the importance and necessity of educational historical expertise from two perspectives. On the one hand, it presents exemplary fields of research in the history of education, on the other hand, contributions show the relevance of historical educational research for other (sub-)disciplines.

Carolingian influences on the east of Istria and Carniola can be traced since the beginning of the wars against the Avars and the conflict with Byzantium. Papal undertakings in Dalmatia, regarding the revival of ecclesiastical organisation, should not be seen to have been a result of a cooperation between Rome and Charlemagne, but as an independent action by Pope Hadrian. After a successful victory against the khanate and the Treaty of Aachen, Dalmatia ( excluding the remaining Byzantine possessions) as well as the parts held by the Serbs and Pannonia to the south of the Drava river were incorporated into the march of Friuli under their own dukes. At the beginning, their position towards Cividale might have been the same as the position of Istria, but the latter became integrated into the western Empire, while Croatia and southern Pannonia remained outside its borders. Such a development prevented the evolution of a Barbarian identity in both Istria and Lower Pannonia, which remained outside the Empire, but was more integrated into its frontier structures than Croatia. Since the time of Trpimir, Croats were only loosely linked with the Carolingian governing structures, that resulted in their gradual creation of their own identity. We might guess that the growing influence of Byzantium on Croatian rulers played its part, as had the Hungarian invasion for Pannonia.

How can we explain policy preference mismatch between voters and their representatives?

Private Kartellrechtsdurchsetzung sollte nicht nur auf Schadensausgleich, sondern gleichrangig auf Abschreckung abzielen. Die Arbeit untersucht vergleichend die Rechtslage und -praxis in der EU, in Deutschland und in China und zeigt die unterschiedlichen, sich aber ergänzenden Funktionen von Nichtigkeitssanktion, Beseitigungs- und Unterlassungsklage sowie Schadensersatzklage in der privaten Kartellrechtsdurchsetzung auf. Abschließend werden allgemeine Ansätze zur Stärkung der privaten Kartellrechtsdurchsetzung im Rahmen einer dualen Zielsetzung sowie gezielte Maßnahmen für China vorgeschlagen. Die Arbeit bietet einen anschaulichen Einblick in die Gerichtspraxis und die jüngste Novellierung des chinesischen Antimonopolgesetzes.

Whether it is a question of the age below which a child cannot be held liable for their actions, or the attribution of responsibility to defendants with mental illnesses, mental incapacity is a central concern for legal actors, policy makers, and legislators when it comes to crime and justice. Understanding the terrain of mental incapacity in criminal law is notoriously difficult; it involves tracing overlapping and interlocking legal doctrines, current and past practices including those of evidence and proof, and also medical and social understanding of mental order and incapacity. Bringing together previously disparate discussions on criminal responsibility from law, psychology, and philosophy, this book provides a close study of mental incapacity defences, analysing their development through historical cases to the modern era. It maps the shifting boundaries between normality and abnormality as constructed in law, arguing that ‘manifest madness’ — the distinct character of mental incapacity revealed by this interdisciplinary approach — has a broad significance for understanding the criminal law as a whole.

Available Open Access under CC-BY-NC licence. The extent of violence against women is currently hidden. How should violence be measured? How should research and new ways of thinking about violence improve its measurement? Could improved measurement change policy? The book is a guide to how the measurement of violence can be best achieved. It shows how to make femicide, rape, domestic violence, and FGM visible in official statistics. It offers practical guidance on definitions, indicators and coordination mechanisms. It reflects on theoretical debates on ‘what is gender’, ‘what is violence’, and ‘the concept of coercive control’. and introduces the concept of ‘gender saturated context’. Analysing the socially constructed nature of statistics and the links between knowledge and power, it sets new standards and guidelines to influence the measurement of violence in the coming decades.

Weiterbildungsgutscheine und -schecks werden seit einigen Jahren in Deutschland verstärkt eingesetzt, um die Weiterbildungsbeteiligung von Beschäftigten und Betrieben zu erhöhen. Auch in Europa, so in der Schweiz, in Österreich und in Südtirol, gibt es ähnliche Programme. Die Studie bilanziert die Ergebnisse eines Forschungsprojektes zu Weiterbildungsgutscheinen in diesen Ländern. Die Autorinnen und Autoren diskutieren empirische Ergebnisse zu diesem Finanzierungsmodell und analysieren dessen Wirkungen im nationalen und internationalen Kontext. Nach einem Überblick über aktuelle Förderprogramme in Deutschland analysiert die Studie die Rolle finanzieller Zuschüsse für Weiterbildungsteilnahme, die Nutzung durch Zielgruppen (z.B. Geringqualifizierte) und intensiv nachgefragte Weiterbildungsthemen. Besondere Schwerpunkte liegen dabei auf den subjektiven Perspektiven der Beschäftigten bei der Wahl ihrer Weiterbildungen sowie auf neuen Ansätzen der Wirkungsforschung in diesem Kontext.

Wert und Werte, Tausch und Austausch — was geschieht eigentlich, wenn Güter oder Dienstleistungen von Hand zu Hand gehen? Welche Möglichkeiten der Organisation von Warenzirkulation gibt es neben dem uns bekannten Geldsystem? Anhand von Tauschnetzen und Alternativwährungen, ethnographischen Beispielen und dem Modephänomen der Sharing Economy untersucht Merlin Austen die Unterschiede von Teilen und Tauschen, Geld und Kapital, Gaben und Waren. Dabei wird deutlich, dass Geld immer eine soziale Übereinkunft darstellt, die gemäß unserem Menschenbild und unseren kollektiven Wertvorstellungen geformt wird.

La historia de las relaciones culturales entre Perú y España desde la época del Virreinato hasta la actualidad demuestra que el mar que separa los dos continentes no es tan ancho ni tan ajeno. La huella del Siglo de Oro o del Quijote en autores andinos contemporáneos, la presencia de Lorca en la literatura popular peruana, los avatares de Mario Vargas Llosa en la Península desde los años cincuenta, y de autores posteriores como Alfredo Bryce Echenique, Alonso Cueto, Fernando Iwasaki, Jorge Eduardo Benavides, etc., los paralelismos e influencias mutuas entre los poetas y músicos de las generaciones del fin del siglo XX a ambos lados del Atlántico, son algunos de los indicadores de una complicidad que no ha dejado de crecer con el paso del tiempo.

This open access book examines the innovation and inheritance of Cantonese opera singing styles in Hong Kong from the 1930s to the 1970s. It delves into the background and current state of Cantonese opera singing, focusing on its inheritance and localization. The study combines scholarly insights with findings from interviews to exploration of ways to innovate and sustain the development of Cantonese opera singing styles in Hong Kong. Originally written in Chinese, this English translation promotes and transfers knowledge of the art to a global audience, to extend the influence of Cantonese opera worldwide. Part I features interviews with Cantonese opera scholars and practitioners, discussing evolutions in the art form and the challenges of preserving it amidst changing times. It captures the experiences of practitioners in learning and developing their unique singing styles. Part II includes essays by scholars and enthusiasts, documenting the evolution of Cantonese opera singing styles in Hong Kong, exploring further potential directions for innovation. By analysing singing styles and the use of Cantonese sounds, the book enhances public awareness of Cantonese opera aesthetics and creativity. It charts a new path for the inheritance and development of Hong Kong’s local Cantonese opera traditions, while addressing the limitations faced by artists in creating their own styles. It is a timely translation for scholars working across East Asian classical arts and culture, and for scholars studying opera and its history and cultural development, globally.