Education & Pedagogy

Given the internationalization of higher education and the increasingly diversifying student population in higher education institutions worldwide, it is critical to reevaluate the teaching and learning environment in higher education classrooms. Although inclusion and inclusive pedagogy emerged as essential orientations in education, gaps in educational opportunities, access, and achievements persist. This practical guide is intended to inform and promote inclusive pedagogy, specifically for culturally and linguistically diverse students in higher education settings across various disciplines. The guidelines for culturally and linguistically responsive instruction in higher education offer a brief outline of the theoretical foundation and practical self-reflective questions with recommended strategies to implement in curriculum, assessment, and instructional designs. With the hope of providing a welcoming classroom for culturally and linguistically diverse students where their knowledge and experiences are valued, the article ends with discussions to establish a more inclusive higher education learning ecology.

In this paper, my aim is to reintroduce and reclaim the concept of civility for the ongoing debates on democratic education within the Arendt-inspired philosophy of education. I juxtapose a prominent interpretation related to theories of radical democracy and radical democratic education, referring to Gert Biesta's work, which amends Arendt's ideas with insights from Jacques Rancière. Conversely, I explore an alternative construction of what can be considered 'an Arendtian perspective on democratic education' coming from another French philosopher, Étienne Balibar. Within this perspective the role of institutions is redeemed, and the primary concern shifts from the political agency of individuals to the conditions that allow the space of politics to be constituted and preserved. The discussion includes an analysis of Marius von Mayenburg's play 'Martyr' to illustrate importance of thinking about education, especially democratic education, as a matter of civility.

Special education in Singapore has evolved considerably during the past two decades with greater enrollments of students with special educational needs in regular mainstream schools. This progressive transformation in Singapore's education towards the inclusion of students with special needs in mainstream classes has been accompanied by concomitant changes in teacher preparation programs for both general and special education teachers and professionals. This article situates and describes special education in Singapore and its increasing role in partnering with mainstream education within Singapore's socio-historical context and evolvement as a nation since independence. Current issues related to special education and its expanding role in preparing teachers and related professionals for working with students with special educational needs in both mainstream and special schools are discussed with implications raised for future directions.

University supervisors responsible for the programming and congruency between field experiences and the physical education teacher education (PETE) preparation program play a pivotal role in the opportunity for pre-service physical education teacher success. Due to limitations of time, quality mentors, and the residual effects of the pandemic, on-site observations are becoming more difficult to arrange. While there are concerns about the quality of remote observations, GoReact (GR), a video annotation software, can support PETE programs in conducting observations using this virtual tool. The purpose of this article is to describe how PETE programs can utilize video annotation software to provide alternative means for engaging feedback that encourages self-reflection when in-person observations are not feasible. Additional uses for this software in physical education are also suggested.

Individualized education plans (IEPs) are to serve as a guideline for the supports and services a student with a disability needs to have access to the general education curriculum. State departments of education monitor the compliance of these programs within the public schools. This study found the materials that state departments use to inform parents and guardians about IEPs and their rights and responsibilities in the special education process are difficult to read and understand for most parents, which potentially limits the ability to advocate for their children. The implications of these findings suggest the parents' capacity for active participation in the IEP processes are diminished. Opportunities for improving collaboration and communication between schools and families are discussed.

China's influence is increasing in global education governance through multilateral cooperation. This paper argues that global education governance 'with Chinese characteristics' reflects China's salient motivations, capacity and limitations, and features. This article articulates China's global education governance commitment and its prospects, focusing on the evolution of China's partnership with UNESCO. Global education governance 'with Chinese characteristics' is characterised by: party-state-centrism, diplomatisation, economic mobilisation, techno-nationalism and a catch-up mentality. In particular, China has significantly expanded its presence in the diplomatic aspects of global education governance by filling the vacuum in UNESCO caused by the absence of the US. This article extends the conventional scope of the world system analysis for the various education sector to delineate China's current position as a semi-peripheral nation in global governance.

Education is inherently entangled with the future. This argumentative review examines this entanglement and proposes a framework differentiating between four educational orientations towards the future. The orientation 'Futures of education' examines how education changes in the future: From rhetorical to visionary, these futures are concerned with issues such as educational technology. 'Education to adapt to the future' is concerned with how education prepares young people to face projected or unknown conditions and focuses on issues such as future jobs. 'Education to change the future' sees learners as having influence on the future and relates to issues such as sustainability and agency. 'Education about futures' involves bringing the potential and unpredictability of future into classrooms and is concerned with students' futures literacy. Focusing on questions of educational aims, critical perspectives and technology, literature around these orientations is examined to support more conscious discourse on the relationship between education and the future.

The adoption of a more market-oriented economy has paved the way for the Vietnamese education system to undergo continuous change for more than twenty years. This paper sets out: (1) to examine the impacts of globalisation and liberalisation on the education sector in developing countries, with a main focus on Vietnam, and (2) to determine how the education sector in Vietnam adapted to globalisation and liberalisation through an examination of the key reforms implemented in the higher education sector. This paper argues that to adapt to liberalisation, the Vietnamese higher education sector needs to adopt a holistic approach to reform the sector such as reforms in curriculum, access, research and development, and capacity building rather than focus mainly on achieving quantitative targets as outlined in the Higher Education Reform Agenda.

This article investigates the encounter of EU-unionization with a domesticated practice of corruption in Bosnian higher education. Relying on primary data collected in Bosnia's public higher education system, the study finds that the country's corrupt higher education is in conflict with the Bologna-themed reforms that would arguably help harmonize Bosnia's fragmented higher education. As it delineates factors that perpetuate corruption, the study, somewhat surprisingly, finds that the Bologna process-despite its partly failed adaptation in Bosnia-is still perceived as potentially transformative for the country's corruption-prone higher education system. The study further looks into why that may be the case and explores a possibility of leveraging Bosnia's intelligentsia abroad to lessen corruption in higher education.

This paper explores major historiographic "turns" in history of education with a focus, although not exclusively, on English-speaking Canada. It addresses the transformative intellectual impact of the turn toward social history on the history of education, the impact of cultural history and the linguistic turn, the reception of Michel Foucault, and the state of the debate in history at-large today and its implications for the history of education. It also attempts to contextualise the intellectual trends permeating the writing of the history of education in light of developments in education, and signals new directions in historiography influencing history of education. Given the limitations of space, rather than engaging in a historiographical analysis of individual historians of education, the paper traces broad trends, while highlighting the contributions of a significant few.

What did art education look like within the confines of the Japanese American Internment Camp classrooms? Did the art education in the camps reflect the same curriculum that was being taught outside the camps and what other factors may have played a part in the students' experience? I propose that there were at least three significant influences on the art education of Japanese American children in the World War II camps. The first involves the War Relocation Authority's vision for a progressive education and other influences on school curriculum during wartime. The second examines the considerable parental concern that Japanese American children, incarcerated for so long, would receive an inferior education and would fall behind. The third is the dramatic impact of the required "loyalty questionnaire."

In Thailand, according to, for instance, the National Education Act 1999, the National Plan of Education, Religion, Arts and Culture (2002--2013), and the Core Curriculum of Basic Education 2008, moral education is given an important role not only in human development but also in citizenship building and solution of socio-political problems. Thailand has its unique Buddhist-laden definition of moral education whose approach is a mixture of religious education and character development partly spelt out in Kohlbergian terms of moral reasoning. In an effort to find an alternative, the influential narrative approach is studied and narrative methods reviewed. The method that can accommodate the Thai moral education, and solve some of its predicaments, is recommended. As a whole, this study portrays an interaction between Western theories and local practice.

In this article, we explore the absence of understanding related to culturally responsive pedagogy in physical education for Aboriginal students. In so doing, we examine the limited literature related to culturally responsive physical education and the especially limited literature dedicated to Aboriginal students within physical education. Recognizing that this absence should present a very obvious concern for pre-service physical education teachers, in-service physical education teachers, teacher educators, and most importantly, Aboriginal students themselves, we borrow from the few most notable pedagogues who share our concern and offer a framework and suggestions for future practice and inquiry. We make these suggestions for future practice and inquiry with the wholehearted belief that a commitment to culturally responsive pedagogy can improve upon the immediate and long-term physical education experiences of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal students.

Character education efforts are influenced by the cultures in which they are implemented. This article describes the character education provided to children in Korea, both in school and at home. The author explores how the Korean early childhood education system strives to ensure positive character development among children. These discussions are especially relevant in today's education context, which is often dominated by competitive, data-driven standardized examinations that can have detrimental effects on character-building among children and youth. The focus on character education is set as a counterbalance to the materialistic and selfish tendencies that greatly define "academic success" in today's world. It warrants a shift in education goals in order to promote caring, pride in one's cultural heritage, and respect for cultural differences, as well as to cultivate cooperation.

This article explores using films to spark moral dilemma discussions and thereby promote critical thinking and character education for global citizenship in elementary classrooms. After clarifying some of the basic concepts associated with the fields of character education and global citizenship, and the interrelationship between the two, the authors provide a rationale and model for using films as part of these efforts. A filmography presents relevant, English-language films that may be used to facilitate moral dilemma discussions in elementary classrooms. As character education remains a focal point in education policies worldwide, the authors emphasize the relevance of using such film-based moral dilemma discussions to create unique opportunities for stimulating intellectual and moral growth. The authors also note the value of promoting media literacy skills through critical analysis and dialogue, to help students become critical consumers of information.