Education & Pedagogy

Making online education effective and engaging has been a policy priority in the higher education (HE) sector since the COVID-19 pandemic arose in 2020. Based on an online survey and qualitative interviews, we examine experiences of HE students and teachers in Hong Kong, and provide recommendations that can enable countries/economies to leverage on the good practices of online education to rejuvenate HE in the post-COVID era. We find a need for greater institutional support beyond its current availability. Students' perception of online education is less optimistic than what such labeling as "digital natives" suggests. However, with time, online education is being viewed more positively. Teachers find their online education workload to be higher. More female teachers cite difficulties in balancing work and life, while older teachers report more technological difficulties. Since many respondents come from public affairs programs, which emphasize interaction in the classroom, the findings suggest that a rethinking of pedagogical strategies of public affairs education is required.

This study aims to map the literature on shadow education using metadata extracted from 488 publications indexed in the Web of Science database. It is termed as shadow education because much of its content mimics what is learned in schools. The study uses bibliometric procedures to describe and visually represent available literature on shadow education in terms of main sources, key authors, institutions, and countries leading the production and dissemination of research on shadow education. Further, the study elaborates on h-classics publications to obtain an in-depth understanding of the most influential scientific outputs in this domain. Key findings of the study are that research on shadow education: (a) has experienced steady growth over the last decade; (b) is disseminated through a wide range of outlets, mainly in the disciplines of sociology of education, economics of education, educational psychology, and language education; (c) is published mainly by scholars working in East Asia and the United States; (d) has focused on tangible (quantifiable) benefits related to improved examination results; and (e) reveals how this form of instruction primarily benefits students hailing from high socioeconomic backgrounds, thereby contributing to greater educational inequality. This study also suggests pedagogical implications and areas for ongoing research.

The aim of this study is to determine the attitudes of the students of Gazi University Gazi Education Faculty towards Scientific Research Methods (SRM) course. The survey model was used in this descriptive study. In the study, 20-item 'Attitude Scale towards Scientific Research Methods Course' developed by Yasar (2014) was used. The study population consisted of 308 pre-service teachers attending the German Language Education, Arabic Language Education, French Language Education, English Language Education, Philosophy Group Education, department of primary education and Preschool Teacher Education Departments at Gazi University, Gazi Faculty of Education. As a result of the research, it is difficult to say that the pre-service teachers have positive attitudes at the desired level towards the SRM course. It was determined that the pre-service teachers of the Philosophy Group had more positive attitudes towards the SRM course than the pre-service teachers of the other departments.

This phenomenographic study represents part of an ongoing design-based research initiative to inform the design of a new course on older people's media literacy in the adult-education teacher-education context. The aim was to describe the conceptions of teachers-in-training regarding media literacy education for older people. The data consist of students' written assignments in which they defined the concept of older people, their societal roles, and of the media literacy education targeting them. The participants included teachers-in-training (N = 22) from a Finnish university's teacher education program. The data were analyzed qualitatively with the aim of exploring how these students define "older people," the kinds of roles they perceive older people as having, the pedagogical content and approaches they see as most useful in media literacy education targeting older people, and the kinds of learning aims they set for themselves on the course. The results reveal implications for the design of the abovementioned new course.

Background: Universities continue to experience pressure to prepare work-ready graduates. In Ontario, this has recently taken the form of new provincial funding metrics which include experiential education. This places more formal pressure on all provincial universities to foster experiential education. Purpose: This study focuses on the organizational dynamics within a selected university as it developed an Experiential Education Certificate (EEC). Methodology/Approach: Using a qualitative approach, this case study relies on multiple methods. Content analysis was used to analyze textual data that framed the EEC. Semi-structured interviews (n = 12) with institutional actors were used to analyze how experiential education is framed administratively and practiced at the technical level of the university. Findings/Conclusions: Although the EEC reflected a management logic, it was not fully aligned with the academic logic of ground-level technical actors (e.g., professors). Institutionalizing experiential education has implications for multiple logics at play within universities and thus requires more "logic work" of those working within. Implications: This exploratory study lays the groundwork for further theorizing experiential education from an organizational perspective, namely, studying experiential education across disciplines, theorizing at the field level, and including administrators.

Rural schools in the United States serve more than 9.3 million students (Showalter et al., 2019), often possessing strengths and facing challenges that differ from their metropolitan and suburban counterparts. To attend to the unique context of rural schools and to encourage rural education research in key areas, the National Rural Education Association's (NREA) Research and Higher Education Committee presents the "National Rural Education Association Research Agenda--2022-2027." The central goal of this agenda is to present major priorities for current and future rural education research in order to support the efforts of rural education practitioners, administrators, and school board members as well as advise the policymakers, community leaders and activists, nonprofit organizations, and funding organizations who contribute to the vitality of rural schools and communities. A comprehensive research project that utilized surveys, interviews, and focus groups guided the direction of the agenda, from which spatial and educational equity emerged as the most common theme.

This practitioner research study examined the potential of arts education to support students' growth towards global citizenship including awareness, care, and understanding of--as well as active and responsible engagement in--current global challenges and social issues. We utilized research material generated during an interdisciplinary arts pedagogy course offered in subject teacher education at the University of the Arts Helsinki and Aalto University (Finland). During the course, students created teaching sessions in peer groups in which they explored pedagogical methods to enhance global citizenship through interdisciplinary arts education participation. In the study, we identified themes addressed in the teaching sessions: "Renegotiating (cultural) identity," "Facing otherness," "Experiencing empathy," "Coping with power and inequality," "Awakening to ecological responsibility," and "Engaging in critical and reflective thinking." Furthermore, we examined how arts education resonated with the aims of global education and discussed the many ways that arts education could support the cultivation of responsiveness and ethical awareness to advance transformative global citizenship.

The purpose of this pilot study is to understand the impact of Family Group Conferencing (FGC) on the collaboration among general education and special education teachers, teachers' attitudes toward family outreach and perceived outcomes of preschool students with and without disabilities enrolled in inclusive classrooms during distance learning. FGC is an evidence-based model that aims to increase family engagement in a child's academic growth by enhancing the quantity and quality of teacher-parent interaction. Six special education teachers and six general education preschool teachers from six inclusive preschool classrooms participated in the study. Teachers received training on how to work collaboratively to develop shared goals and support to parents during the COVID-19 global pandemic. This study positively impacted the relationships between the general education and special education teacher pairs at each school. Teachers reported improved outcomes for students with and without disabilities. Implications include using FGC to build co-teachers relationship and reimagining the traditional parent-teacher conference to involve parents.

This research aimed to evaluate the perceptions of prescience teachers about distance education at a state university in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants of the research, selected with the criterion sampling technique, consisted of 50 prescience teachers studying at a state university in the 2020-2021 academic year. As the data collection tool in the research, Perception of the Distance Education Students About Distance Education scale and the semistructured interview created by the researchers were used. Content analysis and descriptive statistics were used in the analysis. According to the research results, half of the preservice teachers think face-to-face education might be better than distance lessons because face-to-face education is more effective and efficient than distance education. Preservice teachers did not prefer distance education because of application inadequacy, technological inadequacy, lack of efficiency, and lack of opportunities. The other halves of preservice science teachers thought that lessons were better remotely. They preferred distance education in terms of safety and where they can benefit from research opportunities and technological opportunities. Also, it was determined that preservice teachers thought distance education is effective, interactive, providing active learning, drawing attention, and benefiting from technological applications.

As the global economy is undergoing transformation and upgrading in the background of the digital economy, it leads to a reformation of business education in the new context, which brings the concept of new business education in China. One of the significant features of the new business education is multidisciplinary teaching and learning. Meanwhile, it is closely related to strategic decision-making in disciplinary program design, research design, faculty recruitment, teaching models, and international strategies. Benefited from the internationalization of higher education in past years, traditional business education has gained an advantage in introducing international students, teachers, and resources and building global cooperation platforms, including international visits and multiple studies in an international context. However, it cannot meet the demand for cultivating talents in the era of the digital economy. This paper starts with the connotation and feature of new business education, discussing internationalization strategy with a fresh perspective and unique positioning. Meanwhile, it aims to provide a theoretical and practical value for China's business schools with internationalization strategy making in the background of the digital economy.

The occupational health and safety education program (OHS) is an important intervention strategy to prevent injuries among young workers. This study aims to emphasize the importance of inclusive and integrated occupational safety education in an Inclusive Vocational School for students at 10th grade. In this study, we investigated the success levels and the awareness of the students before and after the education on occupational safety. The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of 12-hour basic OHS education on the students' levels of awareness and knowledge and the retention of these effects. A questionnaire comprising 10 questions and an open-ended exam comprising 20 questions that measure their knowledge level on OHS were applied to the students who had just met with the workshop environment before and after the education. As a result, OHS education delivered to students has improved the students' awareness of OHS positively. It was observed that the knowledge levels before receiving OHS education increased according to their knowledge level after regular OHS education.

A reconceptualization of education for sustainability and global citizenship education (GCE) is proposed, considering evidence from the United Nations decade of education for sustainable development (ESD) and from research with policymakers and adult educators in Wales. In this reframing, global citizenship education is foregrounded, and the model is underpinned by an ecological ethos, where webs of interconnections are highlighted. The model is informed by critical and holistic adult education, and it includes a focus on relational learning and on the affective domain, where emotions are recognised and valued alongside the rational and cognitive. These elements are supported by an ethic of care, which is introduced as a starting point for making what can appear as abstract concepts or remote issues, immediate and relevant to learners' lived experience. The synthesis of the various theoretical perspectives embodies an inclusive 'ecological global citizenship education', where educators and learners are supported to engage with difficult and emotive topics. Dialogue is proposed as the method at the centre of a pedagogy that is critical and humanistic, and that facilitates and supports the often-uncomfortable learning as we honestly and critically examine ourselves and our world within a learning community.

This article discusses a Transition Programme to support the inclusion of mature students in Higher Education. The Transition Programme was designed and it is currently provided by a Higher Education institution in Surrey, South-East of England. An outcome of innovative educational leadership, the Transition Programme' successfully solved the paradox of selection for admission to Higher Education programmes, in particular with regard to mature students. The English Higher Education system offers an interesting case for discussion, being caught between the principle of inclusiveness within a 'widening participation' agenda and the contrasting selective principle of 'recruiting with integrity'. The article is motivated by two main aims. The first aim is to contextualize sociologically, within a discussion on the related concepts of hope, trust and risk, the motivations underpinning mature applicants' choice to enter Higher Education. The second aim of the article is to argue for the capability of educational leadership to generate positive change supporting mature applicants' trust in hope for a successful inclusion in Higher Education.

The urban/rural dichotomy used in framing Indigenous educational issues is becoming increasingly untenable and deserving of scrutiny. Indigenous urban education follows initiatives derived from rural areas with the assumption that rural Indigenous education programs are pure or authentic. Without a critical examination of power relations, the flow of people and knowledge in the Indigenous curriculum development process may lead to continued disrespect, appropriation, and tokenization of Indigenous knowledges. This article challenges the conventional conceptualizations surrounding the rural/urban Indigenous educational divide. In so doing, the authors explore two cases: The Saskatchewan (Canada) Ministry of Education's official K-12 science curriculum attempts to integrate Indigenous perspectives, as do Taiwan's Indigenous experimental schools. The finding suggests moving beyond pan-urban/rural paradigms that are stemming from settler colonialism. Acknowledging the important role partnerships play for Indigenous education policy and program development, the authors put forth Crit-Trans Partnership Framework to analyze these two cases.

Universities have offered the best platforms and learning ecosystem to enrich students' characters development. However, how students in the new generation perceives the total experience they get from the university is yet to be examined. This research examines the impact of university education on the personal and social development of these students in Malaysia by focusing on their expectation and perception of university education, and their evaluation of their university experience. The data were derived from a survey of a stratified sample population of graduating students from a higher education institution in Malaysia. Based on the simple frequency counts and confirmation factor analysis, the findings indicate that university education, although marginally, has met the students' expectation of university education towards enriching their social and personal experiences. The students believed that university education has mostly molded them with personal development such as Developing Integrity and Developing Purpose. The understanding of the students' expectations, perceptions and evaluation of their university education and its impact on their personal development can assist universities to improve which aspects of education system that can support students to develop their motivation, behaviour and achievement.