Academic Articles & Research Papers

ROS/Enzyme Dual-Responsive Drug Delivery System for Targeted Colorectal Cancer Therapy: Synergistic Chemotherapy, Anti-Inflammatory, and Gut Microbiota Modulation

Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, driven by chronic inflammation, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and complex tumor microenvironment interactions. Current therapies are limited by systemic toxicit...

Inflammatory cytokines and neurotrauma biomarkers are acutely elevated in military combat casualties and predict resource use.

Elevated Eosinophils as a Feature of Inflammation Associated With Hypertension in Virally Suppressed People Living With HIV

Background People living with HIV (PLWH) are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including hypertension, which persists despite effective plasma viral suppression on antiretroviral therapy. HIV infection is characterized by long‐te...

Stage-Dependent Within-Individual Comparison Reveals SIV-Specific Activation/Exhaustion Shift in Rhesus Macaques

It is challenging to trace the complicated individual-based variations of HIV-specific immunocompetence shift during the successful antiretroviral therapy (ART) era. Using eight rhesus monkeys simulating a longitudinal stage-dependent cohor...

Association of inflammation and cognition in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThe development of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may be associated with an inflammatory process. Inflammatory cytokines may be a surrogate for systemic inflammation leading to worsening neurological ...

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein-1 is expressed and involved in the inflammatory response in human sebocytes

Sebocytes express Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs), which participate in the innate immune response of the skin. Although the roles of TLRs and NLR family pyrin domain-cont...

Xanthine Oxidase-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Respiratory Epithelial Cells: A Review in Immunopathology of COVID-19

Xanthine oxidase (XO) is an enzyme that catalyzes the production of uric acid and superoxide radicals from purine bases: hypoxanthine and xanthine and is also expressed in respiratory epithelial cells. Uric acid, which is also considered a ...

The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Low Molecular Weight Fucoidan from <i>Sargassum siliquastrum</i> in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages via Inhibiting NF-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways

Brown seaweed is a rich source of fucoidan, which exhibits a variety of biological activities. The present study discloses the protective effect of low molecular weight fucoidan (FSSQ) isolated from an edible brown alga, Sargassum siliquast...

Effects of Vitex trifolia L. leaf extracts and phytoconstituents on cytokine production in human U937 macrophages

Abstract Background Dysregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) form the basis of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Vitex trifolia L. is a medicinal plant growing in co...

Alpha-Synuclein Induced Immune Cells Activation and Associated Therapy in Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder closely related to immunity. An important aspect of the pathogenesis of PD is the interaction between α-synuclein and a series of immune cells. Studies have shown that accumulation of...

Enhancement of doxorubicin anti-cancer activity by vascular targeting using IsoDGR/cytokine-coated nanogold

Abstract Background Gold nanospheres tagged with peptides containing isoDGR (isoAsp-Gly-Arg), an αvβ3 integrin binding motif, represent efficient carriers for delivering pro-inflammatory cytokines to the tumor vasculature. We prepared bi- o...

Differences in Genetic Background Contribute to Pseudomonas Exotoxin A-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (PEA) causes severe hepatotoxicity in experimental animals and is useful in investigations of immune-mediated liver injury. However, strain differences in the sensitivity to PEA-induced hepatotoxicity in ra...

β-Cell Death in Diabetes: Past Discoveries, Present Understanding, and Potential Future Advances

β-cell death is regarded as a major event driving loss of insulin secretion and hyperglycemia in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review, we explore past, present, and potential future advances in our understanding of the m...

The upregulated scavenger receptor CD36 is associated with the progression of nontarget lesions after stent implantation in atherosclerotic rabbits

Ruijian Li,1&ndash;3,* Sumei Cui,1&ndash;3,* Youshun Xu,4 Junhui Xing,5 Li Xue,1&ndash;3 Yuguo Chen1&ndash;3 1Department of Emergency, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China; 2Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine...

Hydrogen gas (H2) delivered by intraperitoneal injection alleviated methionine- and choline-deficient diet-induced metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease in mice via inhibiting GSDMD- and GSDME-mediated pyroptosis

BackgroundHydrogen gas (H2), which is the lightest and diffusible gas molecule, has strong abilities to alleviate excessive oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Inhalation of H2 is beneficial for preventing the damage of the lung,...

S100A8/A9 increases the mobilization of pro-inflammatory Ly6Chigh monocytes to the synovium during experimental osteoarthritis

Abstract Background Monocytes are dominant cells present within the inflamed synovium during osteoarthritis (OA). In mice, two functionally distinct monocyte subsets are described: pro-inflammatory Ly6Chigh and patrolling Ly6Clow monocytes....

Microenvironment‐adaptive nanodecoy synergizes bacterial eradication, inflammation alleviation, and immunomodulation in promoting biofilm‐associated diabetic chronic wound healing cascade

Abstract The presence of bacterial biofilms and the occurrence of excessive inflammatory response greatly imped the healing process of chronic wounds in diabetic patients. However, effective strategies to simultaneously address these issues...