Academic Articles & Research Papers

Extracellular HMGB1 as Inflammatory Mediator in the Progression of Mycoplasma Gallisepticum Infection

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a member of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), is involved in the immune regulation of several infectious diseases. Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection is proved to cause an abnormal immune ...

The role of drug treatment and recovery services: an opportunity to address injection initiation assistance in Tijuana, Mexico

Abstract Background In the U.S. and Canada, people who inject drugs’ (PWID) enrollment in medication-assisted treatment (MAT) has been associated with a reduced likelihood that they will assist others in injection initiation events. We aime...

Immunological and Viral Profiles of Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Transplant and Non‐Transplant Patients in Singapore

ABSTRACT Background Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) remains poorly understood at the molecular level, both in the immunocompetent and immunosuppressed population with skin of colour. Data on the diversity of viruses found in cSCC i...

Indagine epidemiologica locale dell’eziologia delle infezioni delle vie urinarie (IVU) nosocomiali e comunitarie e dell’antibiotico-sensibilità degli uropatogeni.

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common infectious diseases that can be associated with substantial morbidity. During the last decade, resistance to ampicillin and co-trimoxazole has increased in Escherichia coli, the most co...

Bacteriophage: A Useful Tool for Studying Gut Bacteria Function of Housefly Larvae, Musca domestica

ABSTRACT Beneficial symbiotic bacteria have positive effects on some insects’ (such as mosquitoes, cockroaches, and flies) biological activities. However, the effects of a lack of one specific symbiotic bacterium on the life activities of s...

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75 Variant May Be Much More Infective than Preexisting Variants Based on In Silico Model

Previously, we developed a mathematical model via molecular simulation analysis to predict the infectivity of six SARS-CoV-2 variants. In this report, we aimed to predict the relative risk of the recent new variants of SARS-CoV-2 based on o...

Unveiling Insights into the Whole Genome Sequencing of <i>Mycobacterium</i> spp. Isolated from Siamese Fighting Fish (<i>Betta splendens</i>)

This study aims to genomically elucidate six isolates of rapidly growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria (RGM) derived from Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens). These isolates had previously undergone phenotypic and biochemical characteriz...

Exposure, hazard, and vulnerability and their contribution to Schistosoma haematobium re-infection in northern Senegal

Background: The risk of infectious diseases, including snail-borne schistosomiasis, is determined by three inter-related components: exposure, hazard, and vulnerability. For schistosomiasis, exposure occurs through behaviours involving wate...

The Identification of a Novel Spider Toxin Peptide, Lycotoxin-Pa2a, with Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities

With the increasing challenge of controlling infectious diseases due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains, the importance of discovering new antimicrobial agents is rapidly increasing. Animal venoms contain a variety of function...

Characterisation of COVID-19 deaths by vaccination types and status in Malaysia between February and September 2021

Building evidences in Public Health Emergency Preparedness (“BePHEP” Project)—a systematic review

Abstract Introduction Humanitarian crises exacerbate the vulnerability of already fragile healthcare systems and significantly increase the risk of infectious disease outbreaks in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This systematic re...

Diet in 1-year-old farm and control children and allergy development: results from the FARMFLORA birth cohort

Background: A farming environment confers strong protection against allergy development. We have previously shown that farming mothers consume more full-fat dairy than control mothers, who instead consume more low-fat dairy, margarine, and ...

What motivates SARS-CoV-2 vaccine trial participants? A pre- and post-participation survey study

Abstract Background Scientific advancement, including the testing and licensing of new drugs, relies heavily on clinical trials with healthy individuals. The motivations of clinical trial participants have been discussed intensively, as som...

Prevalence of Congenital Anomalies in the Northwest of Iran

Background and Objectives Every year, about three hundred thousands of infant deaths occur because of congenital anomalies. Some continue to live with various types of disabilities. Low and middle income countries have higher rate of congen...

DNA polymorphisms in inflammatory and endocrine signals linked to frailty are also associated with obesity: data from the FRASNET cohort

BackgroundObesity and frailty are prevalent geriatric conditions that share some pathophysiological mechanisms and are associated with adverse clinical outcomes. The relationship between frailty, obesity, and polymorphism remains inadequate...

A Fractional-Order Complexity Framework for Misinformation Propagation With Fact-Checking Saturation and Social Vulnerability Dynamics

Misinformation spreads through communities in ways that resemble infectious diseases, but existing mathematical models often miss three real-world complexities: People remember past information (memory effects), some folks are more easily f...

Mathematical modeling of the COVID-19 pandemic with intervention strategies

Mathematical modeling plays an important role to better understand the disease dynamics and designing strategies to manage quickly spreading infectious diseases in lack of an effective vaccine or specific antivirals. During this period, for...

The Mathematics of Infectious Diseases

Abstract. Many models for the spread of infectious diseases in populations have been analyzed mathematically and applied to specific diseases. Threshold theorems involving the basic reproduction number [Formula: see text], the contact numbe...

Chaotic outbreak in discrete epidemic model with vaccination and quarantine interventions and limited medical resources

The spread of infectious diseases can be analyzed dynamically using a discrete dynamic system. The characteristics of the infectious disease phenomenon are interesting to study as parameters considered in a dynamic system. Some of these inc...

Evaluation of Blood-Based Antibody Rapid Testing for HIV Early Therapy: A Meta-Analysis of the Evidence

BackgroundWestern blot (WB) assay is considered the gold standard test for HIV infection confirmation. However, it requires technical expertise and is quite time-consuming. WHO recommends blood-based rapid diagnosis to achieve same-day test...