Academic Articles & Research Papers

Agarose Gel Characterization for the Fabrication of Brain Tissue Phantoms for Infrared Multispectral Vision Systems

Synthetic phantoms that recreate the characteristics of biological tissues are valuable tools for systematically studying and comprehending physiologies, pathologies, and biological processes related to tissues. The reproduction of mechanic...

Risk Stratification of Elderly Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery Using the Modified Frailty Index

Study Design: Retrospective cohort. Objectives: To validate the 11-item modified Frailty Index (mFI) as a perioperative risk stratification tool in elderly patients undergoing spine surgery. Methods: All consecutive cases of spine surgery i...

National Institutes of Health funding to neurosurgery departments, FY2015-FY2025: real-terms trends, training infrastructure, and MeSH retrieval coverage.

A narrative review of international professionalism standards in neurosurgery.

The interplay of risk factors for future falls and fall-related injuries among community-dwelling older adults: a Bayesian network analysis

Abstract Background Falls are a leading global cause of injury and mortality in older adults, necessitating understanding risk factor interplay for prevention. This study aims to investigate complex interactions among risk factors associate...

Functional MRI of Handwriting Tasks: A Study of Healthy Young Adults Interacting with a Novel Touch-Sensitive Tablet

Handwriting is a complex human activity that engages a blend of cognitive and visual motor skills. Current understanding of the neural correlates of handwriting has largely come from lesion studies of patients with impaired handwriting. Tas...

Graphene Oxide and Reduced Derivatives, as Powder or Film Scaffolds, Differentially Promote Dopaminergic Neuron Differentiation and Survival

Emerging scaffold structures made of carbon nanomaterials, such as graphene oxide (GO) have shown efficient bioconjugation with common biomolecules. Previous studies described that GO promotes the differentiation of neural stem cells and ma...

Impact of early vs. late tracheostomy on clinical outcomes in mechanically ventilated patients with intracerebral hemorrhage extending into the ventricles: a retrospective cohort study based on quantitative assessment of parenchymal and intraventricular hematoma volumes

BackgroundThe optimal timing for tracheostomy in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage extending into the ventricles who require mechanical ventilation remains controversial, and there is a paucity of evidence to guide clinical practice. T...

Non-traumatic Causes of Brown-sequard Syndrome: A Case Series and Clinical Update With Systematic Review

Background and Importance: Brown-Sequard Syndrome (BSS) is a rare neurological condition resulting from a hemisection injury to or unilateral compression on the spinal cord. The common causes of BSS that are amenable to be treated surgicall...

Neurological Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Protocol for a Sub-analysis of the COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium Observational Study

IntroductionNeurological manifestations and complications in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients are frequent. Prior studies suggested a possible association between neurological complications and fatal outcome, as well as the exis...

Simulators with Haptic Feedback in Neurosurgery: Are We Reaching the “Aviator” Type of Training? Narrative Review and Future Perspectives

Over the last decade, the quality of neurosurgical procedures dramatically improved, also thanks to the development and increased accessibility of several technological recourses (e.g., imaging, neuronavigation, neurophysiology, microscopy)...

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Kessler Scale of Psychological Distress to a traumatic brain injury population in Swahili and the Tanzanian Setting

Abstract Background To evaluate the psychometric properties of a Swahili version of the Kessler Psychological Distress scale in an injury population in Tanzania. Methods Swahili version of the Kessler Psychological Distress scale was develo...

Using the consolidated framework for implementation research to guide a pilot of implementing an institution level patient informed consent process for clinical research at an outpatient setting

Abstract Background In Singapore, research teams seek informed patient consent on an ad hoc basis for specific clinical studies and there is typically a role separation between operational and research staff. With the enactment of the Human...

Prevalence of Constipation in Elderly and Its Association With Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Cross-Sectional Study

BackgroundConstipation and dementia have similar epidemiological characteristics. Changes in intestinal flora and characteristics of the brain-gut axis play roles in the pathogeneses of the two diseases, suggesting that there may be a close...

Alterations in white matter fiber density associated with structural MRI and metabolic PET lesions following multimodal therapy in glioma patients

BackgroundIn glioma patients, multimodality therapy and recurrent tumor can lead to structural brain tissue damage characterized by pathologic findings in MR and PET imaging. However, little is known about the impact of different types of d...

Hamartin: An Endogenous Neuroprotective Molecule Induced by Hypoxic Preconditioning

Hypoxic/ischemic preconditioning (HPC/IPC) is an innate neuroprotective mechanism in which a number of endogenous molecules are known to be involved. Tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1), also known as hamartin, is thought to be one such mol...

Emerging mutations in envelope protein of SARS-CoV-2 and their effect on thermodynamic properties

Structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are potential drug targets due to their role in the virus life cycle. The envelope (E) protein is one of the structural proteins; plays a critical role in v...

Case reports of latent HBV hepatitis in patients after neurosurgical treatment for hypothalamic and pituitary tumors

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem worldwide. More than 2 billion people have been exposed to HBV, and about 257 million individuals are chronic carriers of HBV. HBV reactivation has been ...

Epidemiology and risk factors of dementia

ementia refers to a syndrome that is characterised by progressive deterioration of cognitive functions.Neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as apathy, agitation, and depression, are also common.With increasing loss of function, a patient is grad...

Epidemiology of Brain Metastases