Astrophysics Research Papers

Antineutrino astronomy and geophysics

Pyrolysis and Pyrolysis Reoxidation Combustion Characteristics of Lignite

Coal, as the main energy source for building heating in northern cities of China, features large reserves, low cost, and high stability in heat supply. Low-temperature pyrolysis reactions are prone to occur within the coal pile; the coal af...

Particulate matter, air quality and climate: lessons learned and future needs

The literature on atmospheric particulate matter (PM), or atmospheric aerosol, has increased enormously over the last 2 decades and amounts now to some 1500–2000 papers per year in the refereed literature. This is in part due to the enormou...

Validation of OMI, GOME-2A and GOME-2B tropospheric NO₂, SO₂ and HCHO products using MAX-DOAS observations from 2011 to 2014 in Wuxi, China: investigation of the effects of priori profiles and aerosols on the satellite products

Tropospheric vertical column densities (VCDs) of NO2, SO2 and HCHO derived from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on AURA and the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 2 aboard METOP-A (GOME-2A) and METOP-B (GOME-2B) are widely used to cha...

Assessing the impact of the Kuroshio Current on vertical cloud structure using CloudSat data

This study analyzed CloudSat satellite data to determine how the warm ocean Kuroshio Current affects the vertical structure of clouds. Rainfall intensity around the middle troposphere (6 km in height) over the Kuroshio was greater than tha...

Multidimensional Fractionation of Particles

The increasing complexity in particle science and technology requires the ability to deal with multidimensional property distributions. We present the theoretical background for multidimensional fractionations by transferring the concepts k...

Physicochemical characterization and source apportionment of Arctic ice-nucleating particles observed in Ny-Ålesund in autumn 2019

Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) initiate primary ice formation in Arctic mixed-phase clouds (MPCs), altering cloud radiative properties and modulating precipitation. For atmospheric INPs, the complexity of their spatiotemporal variations, h...

Involvement of two uptake mechanisms of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles in a co-exposure scenario using mouse macrophages

Little is known about the simultaneous uptake of different engineered nanoparticle types, as it can be expected in our daily life. In order to test such co-exposure effects, murine macrophages (J774A.1 cell line) were incubated with gold (A...

Polymer brush in articular cartilage lubrication: Nanoscale modelling and simulation

Human knee joints move smoothly under high load conditions due to articular cartilage and synovial fluid. Much attention is paid to the role of proteoglycans. It is suggested that a part of proteoglycan forms aggregate on the cartilage surf...

Prediction of Flow Velocity from the Flexural Vibration of a Fluid-Conveying Pipe Using the Transfer Function Method

This study presents a method to predict the flow velocity in a fluid-conveying pipe using vibration signals from the pipe surface. The flexural vibration of a fluid pipe is investigated through wave propagation. The wavenumbers and mode sha...

A Transitional Connection Method for the Design of Functionally Graded Cellular Materials

In recent years, the functionally graded materials (FGM) with cellular structure have become a hot spot in the field of materials research. For the continuously varying cellular structure in the layer-wise FGM, the connection of gradient ce...

Evaluation of Leakage Currents of Semiconductor Packages Due to High-Voltage Stress Under an Immersion Cooling Environment

As data centers expand, immersion cooling systems are gaining attention for thermal management of memory devices. To enable widespread adoption, it is essential to evaluate the impact of coolants on the reliability of memory packages. In th...

Nozzle atomizing performance evaluation in complex environment using residual atrous spatial pyramid network

Conventional spray particle detection methods have disadvantages such as spray field interference, large subjective standard error, and an inability to specifically analyze the spray particle movement. Manual methods used the uniformity of ...

XILS Credibility Assessment and Scenario Representativeness Methodology Based on Geometric Similarity Analysis for Autonomous Driving Systems

With continuous advancements in autonomous driving technology, systematic and reliable safety verification is becoming increasingly important. However, despite the active development of various X-in-the-loop simulation (XILS) platforms to v...

Nonadiabatic Berry phase in nanocrystalline magnets

It is investigated how a Berry phase is created in polycrystalline nanomagnets and how the phase translates into an emergent magnetic field and into a topological Hall-effect contribution. The analysis starts directly from the spin of the c...

All-dielectric metaoptics for the compact generation of double-ring perfect vector beams

Perfect vortices, whose ring profile is independent of the topological charge, play a key role in telecommunications and particle micro-manipulation. In this work, we report the compact generation of a new kind of double-ring perfect vortic...

So FAIR, so good

Large international collaborations in the field of Nuclear and Subnuclear Physics have been leading the implementation of FAIR principles for managing research data. These principles are essential when dealing with large volumes of data ove...

Deuteron photodisintegration by polarized photons in the region of the d⁎(2380)

We report the first large-acceptance measurement of the beam–spin asymmetry for deuteron photodisintegration (γ→d→pn) in the photon energy range 420...

Controlling Frost Propagation on Polymeric Surfaces Using SI‐ATRP Chemical Micropatterning

Abstract Micropatterned surfaces with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions are relevant for a wide range of applications from fuel cells to water harvesting systems. The preferential nucleation of water on hydrophilic regions can also b...

Darboux operators for linear first-order multi-component equations in arbitrary dimensions