Selenium Nanoparticle-Enriched and Potential Probiotic, <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> S14 Strain, a Diet Supplement Beneficial for Rainbow Trout
Francisco Yanez-Lemus
(Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile)
Rubén Moraga
(Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, Arturo Prat University, Iquique 1100000, Chile)
Carlos T. Smith
(Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile)
Paulina Aguayo
(Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile)
Kimberly Sánchez-Alonzo
(Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenicity, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile)
Apolinaria García-Cancino
(Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenicity, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile)
Ariel Valenzuela
(Laboratory of Pisciculture and Aquatic Pathology, Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Natural and Oceanographic Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile)
Víctor L. Campos
(Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile)
Journal: Biology
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• MDPI AG
• ISSN: 2079-7737
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), obtained from rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) intestine, were cultured in MRS medium and probiotic candidates. Concurrently, producers of elemental selenium nanoparticles (Se<sup>0</sup>Nps) were selected. Probiotic candidates were subjected to morphological characterization and the following tests: antibacterial activity, antibiotic susceptibility, hemolytic activity, catalase, hydrophobicity, viability at low pH, and tolerance to bile salts. Two LAB strains (S4 and S14) satisfied the characteristics of potential probiotics, but only strain S14 reduced selenite to biosynthesize Se<sup>0</sup>Nps. S14 strain was identified, by 16S rDNA analysis, as <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i>. Electron microscopy showed Se<sup>0</sup>Nps on the surface of S14 cells. Rainbow trout diet was supplemented (10<sup>8</sup> CFU g<sup>−1</sup> feed) with Se<sup>0</sup>Nps-enriched <i>L. plantarum</i> S14 (LABS14-Se<sup>0</sup>Nps) or <i>L. plantarum</i> S14 alone (LABS14) for 30 days. At days 0, 15, and 30, samples (blood, liver, and dorsal muscle) were obtained from both groups, plus controls lacking diet supplementation. Fish receiving LABS14-Se<sup>0</sup>Nps for 30 days improved respiratory burst and plasmatic lysozyme, (innate immune response) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) (oxidative status) activities and productive parameters when compared to controls. The same parameters also improved when compared to fish receiving LABS14, but significant only for plasmatic and muscle GPX. Therefore, Se<sup>0</sup>Nps-enriched <i>L. plantarum</i> S14 may be a promising alternative for rainbow trout nutritional supplementation.
Francisco Yanez-Lemus, Rubén Moraga, Carlos T. Smith, et al. (2022). "Selenium Nanoparticle-Enriched and Potential Probiotic, <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> S14 Strain, a Diet Supplement Beneficial for Rainbow Trout". Biology. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11101523